Plato's Wax Tablet
Plato's Wax Tablet
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柏拉图的蜡板
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-78547-9_5
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yasuhira Y. Kanayama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
西川 隆義;阪本恭子;ティモシー・モートン（篠原雅武）;Yasuhira Y. Kanayama
柏拉图用来进行探究的书写工具是一块蜡板。《斐德罗篇》中对写作的批评是针对错误地使用纸莎草卷轴和记忆术，这种记忆术依赖于种植在心灵蜡板上的图像。柏拉图的回忆不是对存储在头脑中的东西的检索，而是通过探索构建认知网络。为此目的，蜡片特别合适。柏拉图对此的反思使他在《泰阿泰德篇》的第二部分中找到了蜡块，在《斐列玻斯篇》中找到了抄写员和插图画家。前者以失败告终，因为它是块，而不是平板电脑。第2部分中的另一个模型，鸟舍，来自一个充满纸莎草卷轴的图书馆的形象。它以失败告终，因为它需要知识，包括手中有一只鸟（一个未打开的卷轴）。柏拉图所理解的知识，是占卜师泰瑞西阿斯（Tiresias）在用写字板辛苦观察之后，对鸟类飞行模式的理解，而对奥林匹亚诸神来说，世界本身就是这样一个写字板。收集和划分对于接近这个神圣的理想至关重要。《泰阿泰德斯》第三部分没有给知识下定义，因为它忽略了分工的作用。
The writing device Plato employed for his inquiry was a wax tablet. The criticism against writing in thePhaedrusis directed to the wrong use of papyrus scrolls and of the mnemonic technique relying on images planted in the wax tablet of the mind. Plato’s Recollection is not the retrieval of what is stored in the mind, but the construction of cognitive networks through exploration. For this purpose the wax tablet was especially appropriate. Plato’s reflection on it led him to the Wax Block in Part 2 of theTheaetetusand to the Scribe and the Illustrator in thePhilebus. The former ends in failure, because it is a block, not a tablet. Another model in Part 2, the Aviary, comes from the image of a library full of papyrus scrolls. It ends in failure, because it takes knowledge to consist in having a bird (an unopened scroll) in hand. What Plato understood as knowledge was the type of comprehension Tiresias the augur had acquired concerning flying patterns of birds, after painstaking observation, using his writing tablet, while for Olympian gods the world itself was such a tablet. Collection and Division is crucial for the approach to this divine ideal. Part 3 of theTheaetetusfails to define knowledge, because it neglects the role of Division.