Regional differences in health, diet and weaning patterns amongst the first Neolithic farmers of central Europe
Regional differences in health, diet and weaning patterns amongst the first Neolithic farmers of central Europe
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DOI：
10.1038/srep29458
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发表时间：
2016-07-07
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Pinhasi, Ron
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ash, Abigail;Francken, Michael;Pinhasi, Ron
在中欧的大部分地区，Linearbandkeramik（LBK）代表了第一个新石器时代的社区。大约在公元前5500年左右，LBK兴起于外多瑙河，在两三百年内向西传播到莱茵河，携带着混合农业经济和相对同质的物质文化的元素。在这一过程中，新地区的殖民化需要经济上的适应，以适应景观中不同的生态条件。本文调查了这种适应是否在当地范围内影响健康模式，改变了人口的饮食习惯，否则共享一个共同的文化和生物起源。对来自中欧的5个LBK人群的非特异性应力（线性釉质发育不全、多孔性骨质增生、眶筛）分析以及来自每个研究中心的已发表碳和氮稳定同位素数据显示，西方人群中多孔性骨质增生和眶筛的患病率较高，这与动物蛋白摄入量较低有关。然而，在东部人群中更经常观察到釉质发育不全，这可能反映了由于断奶相关社会实践的变化而导致的儿童发病率和死亡率的地理差异。因此，在LBK内的当地社会经济适应是人口暴露于非特定压力的一个重要因素。
Across much of central Europe, the Linearbandkeramik (LBK) represents the first Neolithic communities. Arising in Transdanubia around 5500 cal. BC the LBK spread west to the Rhine within two to three hundred years, carrying elements of a mixed agricultural economy and a relatively homogeneous material culture. Colonisation of new regions during this progress would have required economic adaptations to varied ecological conditions within the landscape. This paper investigates whether such adaptation at a local scale affected health patterns and altered the dietary habits of populations that otherwise shared a common cultural and biological origin. Analysis of non-specific stress (linear enamel hypoplasia, porotic hyperostosis, cribra orbitalia) within five LBK populations from across central Europe in conjunction with published carbon and nitrogen stable isotope data from each site revealed a high prevalence of porotic hyperostosis and cribra orbitalia in western populations that was associated with a lower animal protein intake. Hypoplastic enamel was more frequently observed in eastern populations however, and may reflect geographic differences in childhood morbidity and mortality as a result of variation in social practices relating to weaning. Local socio-economic adaptations within the LBK were therefore an important factor in the exposure of populations to non-specific stress.