A molecular palaeobiological exploration of arthropod terrestrialization.
A molecular palaeobiological exploration of arthropod terrestrialization.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2015.0133
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发表时间：
2016-07-19
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Pisani D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lozano-Fernandez J;Carton R;Tanner AR;Puttick MN;Blaxter M;Vinther J;Olesen J;Giribet G;Edgecombe GD;Pisani D
了解动物的陆地化，即动物在陆地上定居的过程，对于澄清现有的生物多样性和生物适应至关重要。节肢动物(昆虫、蜘蛛、蜈蚣及其盟友)代表了陆地生物多样性的最大多数。在这里，我们实施了一种分子古生物学方法，融合了分子和化石证据，以阐明陆地节肢动物最深的历史。我们重点研究了三个独立的古生代节肢动物陆系化事件(多足类、六足类和蜘蛛纲)，并表明最有可能的情况是通过海洋途径来殖民陆地。分子时钟分析证实了寒武纪和志留纪之间的三个陆地谱系的起源。虽然蜘蛛纲的分子分化时间与化石记录一致，但多足动物被推测在更早的时候殖民了陆地，大大早于痕迹或身体化石证据。据估计，早寒武纪多足类的起源早于胚芽植物的出现，甚至可能是陆生真菌的出现，这增加了陆系化具有独立起源于冠群多足类谱系的可能性，这与气管系统汇聚的形态学论点一致。这篇文章是《用岩石和钟表测定物种差异》主题的一部分。
Understanding animal terrestrialization, the process through which animals colonized the land, is crucial to clarify extant biodiversity and biological adaptation. Arthropoda (insects, spiders, centipedes and their allies) represent the largest majority of terrestrial biodiversity. Here we implemented a molecular palaeobiological approach, merging molecular and fossil evidence, to elucidate the deepest history of the terrestrial arthropods. We focused on the three independent, Palaeozoic arthropod terrestrialization events (those of Myriapoda, Hexapoda and Arachnida) and showed that a marine route to the colonization of land is the most likely scenario. Molecular clock analyses confirmed an origin for the three terrestrial lineages bracketed between the Cambrian and the Silurian. While molecular divergence times for Arachnida are consistent with the fossil record, Myriapoda are inferred to have colonized land earlier, substantially predating trace or body fossil evidence. An estimated origin of myriapods by the Early Cambrian precedes the appearance of embryophytes and perhaps even terrestrial fungi, raising the possibility that terrestrialization had independent origins in crown-group myriapod lineages, consistent with morphological arguments for convergence in tracheal systems. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Dating species divergences using rocks and clocks’.