Practice and sleep form different aspects of skill.
Practice and sleep form different aspects of skill.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms4407
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发表时间：
2014-03-19
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Cohen LG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Song S;Cohen LG
技能方面的表现，如手指的一系列动作，在睡眠中得到改善。这被广泛解读为睡眠在加强技能学习中的作用的证据。这里我们提出了一种不同的解释。我们认为，练习和睡眠形成了技能的不同方面。为了证明这一点，我们对80名受试者进行了一系列按键训练，并在不同的时间点进行测试，以确定在过渡形式(即，在‘4-3-2-1’中的‘3’之后按‘2’)和顺序(即，在‘4-3-2-1’中的第三个顺序位置按‘2’)形式中存储的技能的量。我们发现，过渡性表征随着练习的进行而提高，而有序表征在睡眠中也有所改善。此外，受试者是否能用言语表达训练的序列会影响顺序表征的形成，但不会影响转换表征的形成。语言知识本身不会随着睡眠的增加而增加。因此，睡眠编码了与练习不同的记忆表征，并可能调节记忆在陈述性和程序性形式之间的转换。
Performance for skills such as a sequence of finger movements improves during sleep. This has widely been interpreted as evidence for a role of sleep in strengthening skill learning. Here we propose a different interpretation. We propose that practice and sleep form different aspects of skill. To show this, we train 80 subjects on a sequence of key-presses and test at different time points to determine the amount of skill stored in transition (that is, pressing ‘2’ after ‘3’ in ‘4-3-2-1’) and ordinal (that is, pressing ‘2’ in the third ordinal position in ‘4-3-2-1’) forms. We find transition representations improve with practice and ordinal representations improve during sleep. Further, whether subjects can verbalize the trained sequence affects the formation of ordinal but not transition representations. Verbal knowledge itself does not increase over sleep. Thus, sleep encodes different representations of memory than practice, and may mediate conversion of memories between declarative and procedural forms.