Bioinformatics and expression analyses of the Ixodes scapularis tick cystatin family.
Bioinformatics and expression analyses of the Ixodes scapularis tick cystatin family.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10493-012-9613-2
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发表时间：
2013-05
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Mulenga, Albert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guaratini Ibelli, Adriana Mercia;Hermance, Meghan M.;Kim, Tae Kwon;Gonzalez, Cassandra Lee;Mulenga, Albert
半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂是木瓜蛋白酶和豆类蛋白酶样半胱氨酸蛋白酶的抑制剂，分类在MEROPS亚家族I25 A-I25 C中。本研究表明，84%（42/50）的蜱半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂在I25 B亚家族中是胞外的，其余在I25 A亚家族中是胞内的。在相邻的连接生殖引导树上，I25 A亚家族成员聚在一起，而I25 B亚家族半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂在prostriata或metastriata蜱中分离。两种肩突硬蜱半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂AAY 66864和ISCW 011771与后纹硬蜱半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂具有50- 71%的氨基酸同一性，它们可能与所有硬蜱共有的途径有关，而ISCW 000447在肩突硬蜱中100%保守。蓖麻在前列腺硬蜱中很重要。同样，后纹蜱半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂、变异革蜱-ACF 35512、微小扇头蜱-ACX 53850、A. americpendid-AEO36092，R. sanguineus-ACX 53922、血吸虫D. variabilis-ACF 35514、变叶弯孢霉R. sanguineus-ACX 54033和A.显示73- 86%氨基酸同一性的macula-tum-AEO 35155可能是metastriata蜱生理学所必需的。RT-PCR表达分析表明，I.除了ISCW 017861仅限于24小时的喂食时间点外，肩胛肌半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂在未喂食的蜱和喂食24-120小时的蜱的唾液腺、中肠和其它组织中组成型表达。根据mRNA表达模式，I.在24小时高度表达的肩胛肌胱抑素、ISCW 017861、ISCW 011771、ISCW 002215和ISCW 0024528可能参与调节早期蜱进食事件，例如蜱附着到宿主皮肤上和进食损伤的产生。类似地，ISCW 018602、ISCW 018603和ISCW 000447在进食120小时时显示2-3倍转录物增加，可能与血餐摄取相关，而在进食期间保持稳态表达水平的那些（ISCW 018600、ISCW 018601和ISCW 018604）可能与蜱进食调节无关。我们讨论我们的研究结果的背景下，推进我们的知识蜱分子生物学。
The cystatins are inhibitors of papain- and legumain-like cysteine proteinases, classified in MEROPS subfamilies I25A-I25C. This study shows that 84 % (42/50) of tick cystatins are putatively extracellular in subfamily I25B and the rest are putatively intracellular in subfamily I25A. On the neighbor joining phylogeny guide tree, subfamily I25A members cluster together, while subfamily I25B cystatins segregate among prostriata or metastriata ticks. Two Ixodes scapularis cystatins, AAY66864 and ISCW011771 that show 50–71 % amino acid identity to metastriata tick cystatins may be linked to pathways that are common to all ticks, while ISCW000447 100 % conserved in I. ricinus is important among prostriata ticks. Likewise metastriata tick cystatins, Dermacentor variabilis-ACF35512, Rhipicephalus microplus-ACX53850, A. americanum-AEO36092, R. sanguineus-ACX53922, D. variabilis-ACF35514, R. sanguineus-ACX54033 and A. macula-tum-AEO35155 that show 73–86 % amino acid identity may be essential to metastriata tick physiology. RT-PCR expression analyses revealed that I. scapularis cystatins were constitutively expressed in the salivary glands, midguts and other tissues of unfed ticks and ticks that were fed for 24–120 h, except for ISCW017861 that are restricted to the 24 h feeding time point. On the basis of mRNA expression patterns, I. scapularis cystatins, ISCW017861, ISCW011771, ISCW002215 and ISCW0024528 that are highly expressed at 24 h are likely involved in regulating early stage tick feeding events such as tick attachment onto host skin and creation of the feeding lesion. Similarly, ISCW018602, ISCW018603 and ISCW000447 that show 2–3 fold transcript increase by 120 h of feeding are likely associated with blood meal up take, while those that maintain steady state expression levels (ISCW018600, ISCW018601 and ISCW018604) during feeding may not be associated with tick feeding regulation. We discuss our findings in the context of advancing our knowledge of tick molecular biology.
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DOI：
10.4049/jimmunol.1100529
发表时间：
2012-03-15
期刊：
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Horka H;Staudt V;Klein M;Taube C;Reuter S;Dehzad N;Andersen JF;Kopecky J;Schild H;Kotsyfakis M;Hoffmann M;Gerlitzki B;Stassen M;Bopp T;Schmitt E
通讯作者：
Schmitt E
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Kotsyfakis, Michalis;Karim, Shahid;Ribeiro, Jose M. C.
通讯作者：
Ribeiro, Jose M. C.
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Kotsyfakis, Michalis;Sa-Nunes, Anderson;Ribeiro, Jose M. C.
通讯作者：
Ribeiro, Jose M. C.
DOI：
10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.07.036
发表时间：
2005-09-09
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Karim, S;Miller, NJ;Mather, TN
通讯作者：
Mather, TN
DOI：
10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.06.018
发表时间：
2006-08-18
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Lima, Cassia A.;Sasaki, Sergio D.;Tanaka, Aparecida S.
通讯作者：
Tanaka, Aparecida S.