Dosing in neonates: special considerations in physiology and trial design.

Dosing in neonates: special considerations in physiology and trial design.
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DOI:
10.1038/pr.2014.143
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发表时间:
2015-01
期刊:
影响因子:
3.6
通讯作者:
Smith, P. Brian
Smith, P. Brian
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ku, Lawrence C.;Smith, P. Brian

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Determining the right dose for drugs used to treat neonates is critically important. Neonates have significant differences in physiology affecting drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination that makes extrapolating dosages from adults and older children inappropriate. In spite of recent legislative efforts requiring drug studies in this population, most drugs given to neonates remain insufficiently studied. Many ethical and logistical concerns make designing studies in this age group difficult. Fortunately, specialized analytical techniques, such as the use of dried blood spots, scavenged sampling, population pharmacokinetics analyses, and sparse sampling, have helped investigators better define doses that maximize efficacy and safety. Through the use of these methods, successful clinical trials have resulted in recent changes to drug dosing in this population.
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