Swiss Needle Cast in Western Oregon Douglas-Fir Plantations: 20‐Year Monitoring Results
Swiss Needle Cast in Western Oregon Douglas-Fir Plantations: 20‐Year Monitoring Results
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俄勒冈州西部花旗松种植园铸造的瑞士针：20 年监测结果
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Norlander
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作者：
G. Ritóková;D. Shaw;G. Filip;A. Kanaskie;J. Browning;D. Norlander
瑞士针管病（SNC）是花旗松（Pseudotsuga menziesii）特有的一种叶部病害，由地方性子囊菌（Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii）引起。20世纪80年代末和90年代初，俄勒冈州沿海地区开始出现重大症状，这些症状与在锡特卡云杉区种植道格拉斯冷杉、5月至8月潜在孢子传播期间的叶片潮湿以及冬季温和的温度有关。第一次年度空中调查于1996年启动，一直持续到2015年，这表明从空中可见症状的面积大幅增加，从1996年的53，050公顷增加到2015年的238，705公顷。监测地块在西北俄勒冈州海岸范围验证SNC对树木生长和生产力的影响，与增长减少平均约23%，在流行区与针头保留。在俄勒冈州的西部喀斯喀特山脉建立了一系列监测样地，并在2001年、2006年和2011年对59个林分的590棵10-23年生道格拉斯冷杉进行了10年的跟踪测量。在俄勒冈州的这一地区没有发现可衡量的增长影响。一个新的地块网络正在整个俄勒冈州和西南华盛顿沿海范围安装，作为监测未来疾病影响的一种手段，并为进一步的研究提供框架。
Swiss needle cast (SNC), a foliar disease specific to Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), is caused by an endemic Ascomycete fungus (Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii). In the late 1980s and early 1990s significant symptoms began to appear in coastal Oregon, and these have been associated with the planting of Douglas-fir in the Sitka spruce zone, leaf wetness during potential spore dispersal in May–August, and mild winter temperature. The first annual aerial survey was initiated in 1996 and has continued through 2015, which indicates a significant increase in area of visible symptoms from the air, increasing from 53,050 ha in 1996 to 238,705 ha in 2015. Monitoring plots in the NW Oregon Coast Range verified impacts of SNC on tree growth and productivity, with growth reductions averaging about 23% in the epidemic area linked to needle retention. A series of monitoring plots was set up in the western Cascade Mountains of Oregon and 590 10–23-year old Douglas-fir trees in 59 stands were tracked for 10 years, measured in 2001, 2006, and 2011. No measureable growth impacts were noted in this region of Oregon. A new plot network is being installed throughout the Oregon and southwest Washington coastal ranges as a means of monitoring future disease impact and providing framework for additional studies.