Retrospective cohort study of acute behavioural disturbance in police use of force reports
Retrospective cohort study of acute behavioural disturbance in police use of force reports
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jflm.2022.102465
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发表时间：
2022-12-09
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Walker, Alison
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Humphries, Christopher;Walker, Alison
背景：急性行为障碍(ABD)是一种可能掩盖危及生命的疾病的行为改变的表现。有人担心它被用作拘留期间和卫生保健系统内死亡的理由，但缺乏证据来探讨ABD一词如何在英国应用。目的：建立英国警察在ABD中使用武力的方式与其他陈述相比，检查结果和死亡数据，并确定ABD一词在英国环境中应用的区域差异和潜在的系统性问题。方法：对562,280份警察使用武力(UOF)报告(英格兰和威尔士，2020年4月-2021年3月)进行回顾性队列研究。结果：在UOF地点、共同存在的UOF贡献者、给出的理由、给出的理由中发现了差异患者的人口统计、克制的方法和结果。不同警队在人均UOF报告和ABD识别方面也存在差异。结论：虽然数据集存在局限性，本文仅是假设生成，但本研究发现了警察之间报告实践存在差异的证据，以及ABD识别似乎与UOF的保护目标相关，更有可能导致以医疗保健为重点的结果。虽然大多数ABD是在被认为是白人男性的人中发现的，但一些人口统计学标准与ABD被确定为UOF原因的相对风险增加有关。
Background: Acute Behavioural Disturbance (ABD) is a presentation of behavioural change which may conceal life-threatening illness. Concerns have been raised that it is used as a justification for deaths in custody and within the health and care system, but there is a lack of evidence exploring how the term ABD is applied in the UK.Aims: to establish how UK police officers apply force in ABD compared to other presentations, examine outcome and fatality data, and identify regional variation and potential systemic issues in the application of the term ABD in a UK setting.Method: retrospective cohort study of 562,280 police use of force (UoF) reports (England and Wales, Apr 2020-Mar 2021).Results: differences were identified in UoF location, co-existing contributors to UoF, justifications given, patient demographics, methods of restraint, and outcomes. Differences were also identified in UoF reports per capita and identification of ABD between police forces.Conclusion: while there are limitations to the data set and the paper is hypothesis-generating only, this study found evidence suggestive of variations in reporting practices between police forces, and evidence that identification of ABD appears to be associated with protective aims of UoF and more likely to result in a healthcare -focussed outcome. While the majority of ABD was identified in people perceived to be white men, some demographic criteria were associated with an increased relative risk that ABD was identified as a reason for UoF.