Tramp: Sentiment and the Homeless Man in the Late-Victorian and Edwardian City
Tramp: Sentiment and the Homeless Man in the Late-Victorian and Edwardian City
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流浪汉：维多利亚时代晚期和爱德华时代城市的情感和无家可归者
DOI：
10.1080/13555502.2011.589683
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
0.3
通讯作者：
Strange J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Strange J
最近恢复情绪作为一个值得学术参与的话题往往集中在亚当·斯密的工作和早期到中期的维多利亚视觉和文学文化。本文以利物浦的一个为无家可归的人服务的慈善机构“行善者联盟”为重点，认为多愁善感是一种激发同情心的工具，同情心是被遗弃的穷人中最有争议和最可能没有同情心的群体之一。本文确定了维多利亚晚期和爱德华七世时期的慈善事业如何将情感作为一种工具来激发实际的同情心，并展示了情感可能受到政治指控的方式。本文探讨了联盟的企图想象流浪汉在感性的政治和社会背景下，认为男性流浪作为一个“问题”，并理解健全的男人养家糊口。它突出了从狄更斯小说的令人兴奋的日子里延续下来的感伤传统：强调生理感觉，以推进共同人性的概念;对儿童作为感伤主题的依赖，以及情节剧。在联盟的感伤项目的中心是流浪汉的混乱身份。当时的评论家们知道，当人们失业时，特别是那些不是友好社会成员的人，他们经常“流浪”寻找工作。当“流浪汉”开始定义这个人时，情况就不那么清楚了。
The recent rehabilitation of sentiment as a topic worthy of scholarly engagement tends to focus on the work of Adam Smith and early to mid-Victorian visual and literary cultures. Focusing on the League of Welldoers, a Liverpool charity that catered for houseless men, this essay considers sentimentality as a tool for stimulating compassion for one of the most controversial and potentially unsympathetic groups among the outcast poor. The essay identifies how late-Victorian and Edwardian philanthropy deployed sentiment as a tool to motivate practical compassion and demonstrate the ways in which sentiment could be politically charged. The essay examines the League's attempts to imagine the tramp in sentimental terms in a political and social context that regarded male vagrancy as a ‘problem’ and understood able-bodied men as breadwinners. It highlights continuities in the sentimental tradition from the heady days of Dickens's fiction: the emphasis on physiological sensation to advance a notion of common humanity; the reliance on the child as sentimental subject par excellence; and melodrama. At the centre of the League's sentimental project was the confused identity of the tramp. Contemporary commentators knew that when men lost their jobs, especially those who were not members of a friendly society, they often went ‘on the tramp’ in search of work. It was less clear when ‘tramping’ came to define the man himself.