Human skin is permselective for the small, monovalent cations sodium and potassium but not for nickel and chromium.
Human skin is permselective for the small, monovalent cations sodium and potassium but not for nickel and chromium.
复制标题
人类皮肤对小单价阳离子钠和钾有选择性渗透性，但对镍和铬没有选择性渗透性。
DOI：
10.1002/jps.23579
复制
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Kasting,GeraldB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LaCount,TerriD;Kasting,GeraldB
在Franz扩散池中，测定了浸在含有4种阳离子（Na+、K+、Ni 2+和Cr 3+）和5种阴离子（Cl−、NO3−、SO 42 −、CrO 42 −和Cr2 O 72 −）的电解质溶液中的离体人皮肤（Λ皮肤）的摩尔电导率，该电导率是浓度的函数。这些电解质中的四个的阳离子迁移数在Franz电池中通过电动势法测量。在单独的溶液中进行平行实验，以确定该技术的有效性。摩尔电导随浓度增加而降低，遵循Kohlrausch定律，在4-12倍浓度范围内。摩尔电导和阳离子传输值在无限稀释外推这些数据，并用于估计在无限稀释的离子电导。这些值随后用于计算溶液和皮肤中的限制离子迁移率和扩散率。皮肤的结果表明，预期增加的阳离子选择渗透性为一价阳离子和40-110倍的有效扩散率相对于那些在溶液中减少。然而，Ni 2+和Cr 3+在皮肤中的移动的比在溶液中相对较少。从皮肤中的离子迁移率计算的盐扩散系数提供了一个部分解释的差异，在致敏效力的NiCl 2与NiSO 4和Cr 3+与Cr 6+盐。
The molar conductance of excised human skin (Λskin) immersed in electrolyte solutions comprising four cationic (Na+, K+, Ni2 +, and Cr3 +) and five anionic (Cl−, NO3−, SO42 −, CrO42 −, and Cr2O72 −) species was determined as a function of concentration in Franz diffusion cells. Cation transport numbers for four of these electrolytes were measured in Franz cells by the electromotive force method. Parallel experiments were conducted in solutions alone to establish the validity of the technique. Molar conductance decreased with increasing concentration, following the Kohlrausch law, over a 4–12-fold concentration range. Molar conductance and cation transport values at infinite dilution were extrapolated from these data and used to estimate ionic conductances at infinite dilution. These values were subsequently used to calculate limiting ion mobilities and diffusivities in solution and skin. Results for skin showed the expected increase in cation permselectivity for monovalent cations and a 40–110-fold reduction in effective diffusivities with respect to those in solution. However, Ni2 +and Cr3 +were relatively less mobile in skin than in solution. Salt diffusivities calculated from ionic mobilities in skin provided a partial explanation for the difference in allergenic potency of NiCl2compared with NiSO4and Cr3 +versus Cr6 +salts.