A 30-Year Longitudinal Study of Body Weight, Dieting, and Eating Pathology Across Women and Men From Late Adolescence to Later Midlife
A 30-Year Longitudinal Study of Body Weight, Dieting, and Eating Pathology Across Women and Men From Late Adolescence to Later Midlife
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DOI：
10.1037/abn0000519
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发表时间：
2020-05-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Keel, Pamela K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brown, Tiffany A.;Forney, K. Jean;Keel, Pamela K.
饮食失调（ED）在年轻女性中比老年女性更常见，在女性中比男性更常见。因此，大多数艾德研究集中在青春期晚期和年轻成年女性，导致对整个生命周期内饮食障碍精神病理学性别差异的前瞻性研究有限。本研究通过检查艾德诊断的性别差异，饮食病理学，以及从青春期后期（M（SD）= 20[2]年）到中年后期（M（SD）= 50 [2]年）的30年期间女性（n = 624）和男性（n = 276）中假定的危险因素对饮食病理学的影响来解决这一差距。四个评估波进行，从基线参与大学期间和随后的10-。20年和30年随访。30年随访时，女性的保留率为72%（n = 440），男性为67%（n = 181）。女性DSM-5艾德诊断的患病率在30年内下降，男性保持稳定，到50岁时的点患病率没有显著的性别差异。女性在50岁之前对瘦的追求会下降，而男性则会增加，而暴食症的症状会随着年龄的增长而减少。多水平模型表明，节食作为一个风险因素对减肥的影响随着男性年龄的增长而减少，随着女性年龄的增长而保持稳定。结果意味着，目前的风险模型需要完善，以考虑到发展轨迹，在青春期后期观察到显着的性别差异随着时间的推移而减少。
Eating disorders (EDs) are more common among younger women compared to older women and in women compared to men. As such, most ED research focuses on late adolescent and young adult females resulting in limited prospective research on gender differences in eating disorder psychopathology across the life span. The present study addresses this gap by examining gender differences in ED diagnoses, eating pathology, and the impact of putative risk factors on eating pathology in women (n = 624) and men (n = 276) over a 30-year period from late adolescence (M (SD) = 20[2] years) to later midlife (M (SD) = 50[2] years). Four assessment waves were conducted, beginning with baseline participation during college and subsequent 10-. 20-, and 30-year follow-up. Retention at 30-year follow-up was 72% (n = 440) for women and 67% (n = 181) for men. Prevalence of DSM-5 ED diagnoses decreased over the 30-year span for women and remained stable for men, with no significant gender difference in point prevalence by age 50. Drive for thinness decreased for women through age 50 and increased for men, while bulimic symptoms decreased as both genders aged. Multilevel models demonstrated that the impact of dieting as a risk factor on drive for thinness decreased prospectively as men aged and remained stable as women aged. Results imply that current risk models require refinement to account for developmental trajectories in which dramatic gender differences observed in late adolescence diminish over time.