Conserving unprotected important coastal habitats in the Yellow Sea: shorebird occurrence, distribution and food resources at Lianyungang
Conserving unprotected important coastal habitats in the Yellow Sea: shorebird occurrence, distribution and food resources at Lianyungang
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DOI：
10.1101/570556
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发表时间：
2019-03
期刊：
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通讯作者：
Ying‐Chi Chan;He‐Bo Peng;Yongxiang Han;Sheena SUET-WAH Chung;Jing Li;Lin Zhang;T. Piersma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ying‐Chi Chan;He‐Bo Peng;Yongxiang Han;Sheena SUET-WAH Chung;Jing Li;Lin Zhang;T. Piersma
世界各地的沿海湿地正在迅速遭到破坏和退化。在大多数发展中国家和最近发达的国家，湿地保护所需的生态数据很少，收集这些数据的专门知识也不太成熟。恶化最快的沿海地区之一是东亚的黄海，这是迁徙滨鸟的重要中转地。保护依赖黄海的滨鸟种群数量下降，需要基于良好的生态知识，特别是对滨鸟的季节性发生，日常活动和食物资源的栖息地保护和管理。在这里，我们收集并吸收了中国黄海沿岸连云港沿海湿地的此类信息，这是一个研究不足和未受保护的地区，我们发现27%的潮间带软沉积物栖息地在2003-2018年遭到破坏。在2008-2018年期间，沿着这条海岸线记录了43种滨鸟，其中包括11种全球受威胁或“近受威胁”的物种。我们记录了18种数量超过1%的滨鸟，这是东亚超过300个滨鸟地点中第二高的。在迁徙过程中停在那里的滨鸟可能是被高度丰富的小型软壳双壳类物种（包括9399个个体/m2的Potamocorbula laevis）所吸引，这些物种在潮间带的底栖软体动物群落中占主导地位。卫星跟踪了斑尾鹬（Limosa lapponica）和斑节鹬（Calidris tenuirostris）南北迁徙过程中在连云港停留5-28 d。卫星标记的鸟类的潮汐运动表明了在地面上无法到达的高潮栖息地。这些运动也可以用来评估高潮栖息地和低潮觅食区是否足够接近，并指导在哪里创建新的栖息地。提高连云港支持滨鸟的能力的潜在措施包括减少人为干扰，在填海土地的未开发部分建立栖息地，以及拆除最近建造的海堤以恢复潮间带。
Coastal wetlands around the world are being destroyed and degraded rapidly. In most developing and recently developed countries, the ecological data required for wetland conservation are scarce, and expertise to collect them are less-established. One of the most rapidly deteriorating coastal regions is the Yellow Sea in East Asia, an important staging area for migratory shorebirds. Conserving the declining shorebird populations that rely on the Yellow Sea requires habitat protection and management based on sound ecological knowledge, especially on the seasonal occurrence of shorebirds, their daily movements and their food resources. Here we gather and assimilate such information for the coastal wetlands at Lianyungang on the Chinese Yellow Sea coast, an understudied and unprotected area where we found 27% of intertidal soft sediment habitats have been destroyed in 2003-2018. In 2008-2018, 43 shorebird species were recorded along this coastline, including 11 globally threatened or ‘Near Threatened’ species. We recorded 18 shorebird species of numbers exceeded 1% of the Flyway populations, which is the second-highest among the >300 shorebird sites in East Asia. Shorebirds stopping there during migration are probably attracted by the highly-abundant small soft-shelled bivalve species (including 9399 individuals/m2 of Potamocorbula laevis) that dominate the benthic mollusc community of the intertidal flats. Satellite tracked bar-tailed godwits (Limosa lapponica) and great knots (Calidris tenuirostris) stopped at Lianyungang for 5-28 days during northward and southward migration. The tidal movements of satellite-tagged birds indicated high tide roosts which are inaccessible on-ground. These movements can also be used to evaluate whether high-tide roosts and low-tide foraging areas are close enough to each other, and direct where to create new roost sites. Potential measures to increase the capacity of Lianyungang to support shorebirds include reducing human disturbances, creating roosts at undeveloped parts of the reclaimed land, and the removal of recently-built sea dikes to restore intertidal flats.