Exploring controls on the fate of PVP-capped silver nanoparticles in primary wastewater treatment
Exploring controls on the fate of PVP-capped silver nanoparticles in primary wastewater treatment
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DOI：
10.1039/c4en00151f
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发表时间：
2015-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. King;H. Jarvie;M. Bowes;E. Gozzard;A. Lawlor;M. Lawrence
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文献类型：
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作者：
S. King;H. Jarvie;M. Bowes;E. Gozzard;A. Lawlor;M. Lawrence
小角中子散射已被用来检查部分钝化的银纳米粒子（AgNP）的沉降行为，其封端有聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）稳定剂，在初级澄清“微观世界”中作为时间的函数，在水和生活废水中的沉降行为。还研究了废水处理过程中常规使用的两种絮凝剂的影响。发现沉降速度与时间相关，但在输入点的第一个小时内始终超过 100 mm h−1。废水中通过沉降去除的颗粒几乎是纯水中的三倍。结果根据非离子封端剂和废水阴离子成分之间的通用但协同的相互作用进行了合理化，并且我们展示了这如何为先前在废水处理中的几种不同纳米粒子的研究中报告的一些行为多样性提供解释。我们的结论是，通过非离子表面涂层进入初级澄清的银纳米粒子，无论是设计上的还是环境改造中的存在，都不会对二级废水处理中生物膜的生存能力构成威胁。
Small-angle neutron scattering has been used to examine the settling behaviour of partially-passivated silver nanoparticles (AgNP), capped with a polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP) stabiliser, in water and domestic wastewater, in a primary clarification ‘microcosm’ as a function of time. The impact of two flocculants routinely used in the wastewater treatment process has also been studied. The settling velocity is found to be time-dependent, but always exceeds 100 mm h−1 during the first hour at the point of input. Particle removal by settling is almost three times greater in wastewater than it is in pure water. The results are rationalised in terms of a generic, but synergistic, interaction between non-ionic capping agents and anionic components of wastewater, and we show how this may afford an explanation for some of the diversity of behaviour previously reported in studies of several different NPs in wastewater treatment. We conclude that AgNPs entering primary clarification with non-ionic surface coatings, whether present by design or environmental transformation, pose no threat to the viability of the biofilms in secondary wastewater treatment.