Small RNA and its application in andrology and urology.
Small RNA and its application in andrology and urology.
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小RNA及其在男科和泌尿科中的应用。
DOI：
10.3978/j.issn.2223-4683.2011.12.04
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Li LC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang J;Li LC
小的非编码RNA如小干扰RNA（siRNA）、微小RNA（miRNA）和piwi相互作用RNA（皮尔纳）存在于几乎所有的生物界中，并且最近已经作为基因表达的主要调节因子出现以影响多种重要的生物过程。它们主要通过两种相关但相反的机制发挥其功能：由siRNA、miRNA和皮尔纳介导的RNA干扰（RNAi）和由小激活RNA（saRNA）和miRNA介导的RNA激活（RNAa），分别导致靶基因的沉默和过表达。这些机制的失调与多种人类疾病有关，包括泌尿系统疾病和男科疾病。重要的是，通过使用小RNA分子作为“核糖药物”，这两种机制可以容易地用于各种疾病的治疗目的。在这篇综述中，我们强调了小RNA作为泌尿系统癌症，男性不育和勃起功能障碍的治疗应用的最新进展。
Small non-coding RNAs such as small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNA (miRNA) and piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) exist in almost all kingdoms of organisms and have recently emerged as master regulators of gene expression to affect a diverse range of important biological processes. They exert their functions largely through two related but opposing mechanisms: RNA interference (RNAi) mediated by siRNA, miRNA and piRNA, and RNA activation (RNAa) mediated by small activating RNA (saRNA) and miRNA, leading to silencing and overexpression of target genes respectively. Dysregulation of these mechanisms have been implicated in a variety of human diseases including urological and andrological diseases. Importantly, both mechanisms can be readily harnessed for therapeutic purposes for a variety of diseases by using small RNA molecules as the "ribodrug". In this review, we highlight recent advances in the applications of small RNA as therapeutics for urological cancer, male infertile and erectile dysfunction.