Potential pitfalls in the development of smart cities and mitigation measures: An exploratory study
Potential pitfalls in the development of smart cities and mitigation measures: An exploratory study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cities.2018.11.014
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Ma, Ruiqu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lam, Patrick T. I.;Ma, Ruiqu
智慧城市（SC）项目的迅速普及是为了应对快速城市化带来的挑战，例如能源短缺、经济重建（提高生产力和效率）和人口增长。城市中无处不在的信息通信技术（ICT）使人们能够更有效、更可持续地了解和管理城市，从而提高他们的生活质量。然而，SC 的发展过程中也发现了一些潜在的陷阱。本研究旨在找出 SC 开发中的潜在陷阱并填补该领域的知识空白。根据大量文献综述，将系统信息不安全、个人隐私泄露、信息孤岛和数字鸿沟归为四大陷阱。借助三个国际案例回顾，讨论了这些陷阱的可能原因和不利影响。此外，本研究还探讨了现有的 SC 绩效评估方案，这些方案主要关注积极的和功能性的能力，但很少评估可能的缺点。有人认为，SC 不能仅通过衡量其已完成的工作或目标实现的目标来宣称自己是成功的。虽然大多数研究都关注SC的好处，但这项研究揭示了城市规划者面临的挑战。它有助于丰富这方面的知识体系，并提供对主题的洞察。已经制定了一个框架，用于进一步研究减轻潜在的供应链陷阱。它旨在告知从业者、研究人员和政策制定者在 SC 发展的早期阶段制定有关技术和非技术方面的主动解决方案。
The rapid proliferation of smart city (SC) projects is a response to the challenges posed by rapid urbanization such as energy shortage, economic reconstruction (the drive towards higher productivity and efficiency) and demographic increase. Ubiquitous information communication technologies (ICTs) in SCs enable people to understand and manage cities more efficiently and sustainably, thus improving their life quality. However, a number of potential pitfalls have been noted in the development of SC. This study aims at identifying potential pitfalls in the development of SCs and filling a knowledge gap in this domain. Based on an extensive literature review, four major pitfalls are categorized as system information insecurity, personal privacy leakage, information islands, and digital divide. Possible causes and adverse effects of these pitfalls are discussed with the aid of three international case reviews. In addition, this study looks into existing assessment schemes of SC performance that are mainly focused on the positive and functional capability, but sparingly evaluate the possible downsides. It is argued that a SC cannot claim to be successful by solely measuring how much it has done or what it aims to achieve. While most studies focus on the benefits of SCs, this research reveals the challenges facing city planners. It contributes to the body of knowledge in this regard and also provides an insight into the subject matter. A framework for conducting further research on mitigating potential SC pitfalls has been laid. It is intended to inform practitioners, researchers and policymakers to develop proactive solutions concerning both technological and non-technological aspects at an early stage of SC developments.