Toxicity, silver accumulation and metallothionein induction in freshwater rainbow trout during exposure to different silver salts
Toxicity, silver accumulation and metallothionein induction in freshwater rainbow trout during exposure to different silver salts
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DOI：
10.1002/etc.5620150713
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发表时间：
1996-07-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Wood, CM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hogstrand, C;Galvez, F;Wood, CM
采用标准方法进行了硝酸银（AgNO3）、氯化银（AgCln）和硫代硫酸银(Ag（S2O3)(n)）对虹鳟鱼幼鱼（Oncorhyncus mykiss）的静态更新168-h毒性试验。由于AgCl(s)的溶解度低，AgCln的生物测定采用两种不同的方法进行。在一个试验系列中，在淡水中添加AgCl(s)，在另一个试验系列中，在淡水中添加AgNO3并添加50 mM NaCl生成AgCln（aq）。分析了暴露后存活的鱼鳃和肝脏中银和金属硫蛋白（MT）的浓度。虽然以AgNO的形式添加的Ag对虹鳟鱼具有高毒性(168-h LC(50) = 9.1 μ g Ag L(-1))，但其他Ag盐的毒性较低。Ag(S2O3)(n)的168 h LC（50）为137,000 μ g Ag L(-1), AgCln （100,000 μ g Ag L(-1)）未见死亡。暴露于AgNO3、Ag(S2O3)(n)或AgCln可引起银的积累并诱导MT。暴露于164,000 μ g Ag L（-1）为Ag(S2O3)(n)的鳟鱼肝脏中发现最高的银水平。这些鱼的肝脏银浓度比对照组增加了335倍。鱼鳃和肝脏的MT含量随水中Ag浓度的增加而增加，其中Ag（S2O3）暴露的鱼肝脏MT含量最高(n)。
Static-renewal 168-h toxicity tests of silver nitrate (AgNO3), silver chloride (AgCln), and silver thiosulfate (Ag(S2O3)(n)) with juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhyncus mykiss) were performed by standard methods. Because of low solubility of AgCl(s), bioassays for AgCln were performed in two separate ways. In one test series, AgCl(s) was added to freshwater and in another, AgCln(aq) was generated by adding AgNO3 to freshwater supplemented with 50 mM NaCl. Concentrations of Ag and metallothionein (MT) were analyzed in gills and livers of fish that survived the exposures. Although Ag added as AgNO, was found to be highly toxic to rainbow trout (168-h LC(50) = 9.1 mu g Ag L(-1)), the toxicities of the other Ag salts were low. The 168-h LC(50) for Ag(S2O3)(n) was 137,000 mu g Ag L(-1) and no mortality was observed in AgCln (100,000 mu g Ag L(-1)). Exposure to AgNO3, Ag(S2O3)(n), or AgCln caused accumulation of Ag and induction of MT. Highest Ag levels were found in livers of trout exposed to 164,000 mu g Ag L(-1) as Ag(S2O3)(n). In these fish, the hepatic Ag concentration was increased 335 times from the control value. The MT levels in gills and liver increased with the water Ag concentration and the highest level of MT was found in liver of fish exposed to Ag(S2O3)(n).