Association between canine leishmaniosis and Ehrlichia canis co-infection: a prospective case-control study
Association between canine leishmaniosis and Ehrlichia canis co-infection: a prospective case-control study
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DOI：
10.1186/s13071-018-2717-8
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发表时间：
2018-03-20
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Tasker, Severine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Attipa, Charalampos;Solano-Gallego, Laia;Tasker, Severine
背景资料：在地中海盆地，婴儿利什曼原虫是导致犬疾病的主要原因，犬经常与其他媒介传播的病原体（VBP）共同感染。然而，临床利什曼病（ClinL）和VBP合并感染的狗之间的关联尚未研究。我们评估了携带ClinL的犬和健康对照犬中VBP感染的风险。婴儿外周血）和临床健康的、理想的品种、性别和年龄匹配的对照犬（乳杆菌的阴性qPCR和ELISA抗体）。婴儿外周血），来自塞浦路斯帕大众。我们获得了人口统计学数据，并对所有犬进行了EDTA-血液提取DNA的PCR，以检测血浆种属，埃里希体属/无形体属，巴贝虫属，和肝虫属，通过DNA测序来识别感染物种我们使用逻辑回归分析和结构方程模型（SEM）来评估ClinL病例和对照组之间VBP感染的风险。结果：从50只登记的ClinL犬中，在24只（48%）犬中检测到肝虫属的DNA，血犬支原体14例（28%），犬埃立克体6例（12%），扁平无形体2例（4%）。在入组的92只对照犬中，41只（45%）检出肝动物属的DNA，18例（20%）为M. haemocanis，E.犬蜱3只（3%）。扁平的无巴贝虫属或“猪细小支原体”DNA。ClinL和对照组在年龄、性别、品种、生活方式和外寄生虫预防措施的使用方面没有发现统计学差异。ClinL与E.多因素Logistic回归分析显示，与对照组相比，犬感染组的OR = 12.4，95%CI：1.5-106.0，P = 0.022。使用SEM证实了这种关联，进一步确定了年轻的狗更有可能感染每种肝虫属。和M.血吸虫和肝虫属的犬。与M.结论：携带ClinL的犬合并感染E.临床上健康的狗。我们建议诊断为ClinL的犬应进行E。犬共感染。
Background: In the Mediterranean basin, Leishmania infantum is a major cause of disease in dogs, which are frequently co-infected with other vector-borne pathogens (VBP). However, the associations between dogs with clinical leishmaniosis (ClinL) and VBP co-infections have not been studied. We assessed the risk of VBP infections in dogs with ClinL and healthy controls.Methods: We conducted a prospective case-control study of dogs with ClinL (positive qPCR and ELISA antibody for L. infantum on peripheral blood) and clinically healthy, ideally breed-, sex-and age-matched, control dogs (negative qPCR and ELISA antibody for L. infantum on peripheral blood) from Paphos, Cyprus. We obtained demographic data and all dogs underwent PCR on EDTA-blood extracted DNA for haemoplasma species, Ehrlichia/Anaplasma spp., Babesia spp., and Hepatozoon spp., with DNA sequencing to identify infecting species. We used logistic regression analysis and structural equation modelling (SEM) to evaluate the risk of VBP infections between ClinL cases and controls.Results: From the 50 enrolled dogs with ClinL, DNA was detected in 24 (48%) for Hepatozoon spp., 14 (28%) for Mycoplasma haemocanis, 6 (12%) for Ehrlichia canis and 2 (4%) for Anaplasma platys. In the 92 enrolled control dogs, DNA was detected in 41 (45%) for Hepatozoon spp., 18 (20%) for M. haemocanis, 1 (1%) for E. canis and 3 (3%) for A. platys. No Babesia spp. or "Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum" DNA was detected in any dog. No statistical differences were found between the ClinL and controls regarding age, sex, breed, lifestyle and use of ectoparasitic prevention. A significant association between ClinL and E. canis infection (OR = 12.4, 95% CI: 1.5-106.0, P = 0.022) was found compared to controls by multivariate logistic regression. This association was confirmed using SEM, which further identified that younger dogs were more likely to be infected with each of Hepatozoon spp. and M. haemocanis, and dogs with Hepatozoon spp. were more likely to be co-infected with M. haemocanis.Conclusions: Dogs with ClinL are at a higher risk of co-infection with E. canis than clinically healthy dogs. We recommend that dogs diagnosed with ClinL should be tested for E. canis co-infection using PCR.