The agroecological matrix as alternative to the land-sparing/agriculture intensification model
The agroecological matrix as alternative to the land-sparing/agriculture intensification model
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0905455107
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发表时间：
2010-03-30
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Vandermeer, John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Perfecto, Ivette;Vandermeer, John
在当前粮食危机所涉及的无数复杂问题中，农业与自然界其他部分之间的关系是最重要的问题之一，但仍然没有得到完全分析。特别是在热带地区，农业经常被视为自然世界的对立面，在那里，问题被界定为尽量减少农业用地，以便更多地用于保护生物多样性和其他生态系统服务。特别是，“森林过渡模式”对未来的设想过于乐观，即农业集约化程度的提高（每公顷产量增加）和（或）农村人口向城市的迁移（减少砍伐森林用于农业的农村人口）表明，在不久的将来，热带地区的造林和农业产量会增加。回顾生态理论的最新发展（显示片段和本地灭绝率之间的迁移的重要性），再加上经验证据，我们认为，很少有迹象表明，森林过渡模型是有用的热带地区，至少在目前的社会政治结构。提出了一个模型，将农业矩阵作为保护计划的一个组成部分。此外，我们认为，这种模式将是最成功的小规模农业生态生产的框架内。
Among the myriad complications involved in the current food crisis, the relationship between agriculture and the rest of nature is one of the most important yet remains only incompletely analyzed. Particularly in tropical areas, agriculture is frequently seen as the antithesis of the natural world, where the problem is framed as one of minimizing land devoted to agriculture so as to devote more to conservation of biodiversity and other ecosystem services. In particular, the "forest transition model" projects an overly optimistic vision of a future where increased agricultural intensification (to produce more per hectare) and/or increased rural-to-urban migration (to reduce the rural population that cuts forest for agriculture) suggests a near future of much tropical aforestation and higher agricultural production. Reviewing recent developments in ecological theory (showing the importance of migration between fragments and local extinction rates) coupled with empirical evidence, we argue that there is little to suggest that the forest transition model is useful for tropical areas, at least under current sociopolitical structures. A model that incorporates the agricultural matrix as an integral component of conservation programs is proposed. Furthermore, we suggest that this model will be most successful within a framework of small-scale agroecological production.