Fungal pathogen accumulation at the expense of plant-beneficial fungi as a consequence of consecutive peanut monoculturing
Fungal pathogen accumulation at the expense of plant-beneficial fungi as a consequence of consecutive peanut monoculturing
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由于连续花生单一栽培，真菌病原体的积累以植物有益真菌为代价
DOI：
10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.01.019
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Wang, Xing-xiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Xiao-gang;Ding, Chang-feng;Wang, Xing-xiang
在中国南部红壤地区，花生连作严重影响产量和品质。然而，土壤真菌对土壤的生态功能和植物健康也是至关重要的，因此是这里的研究主题。利用454焦磷酸测序技术，比较了花生连作5年、花生连作20年以上的对照田和对照田的土壤真菌群落。土壤真菌丰富度、群落组成和相对类群丰度在田间和取样时间之间进行了比较，后者对应于结荚和结荚成熟阶段。在来自18个不同土壤样品的194,783个序列读数中，发现了800个真菌可操作分类单位，其ITS序列同源性为97%。子囊菌门的成员在土壤真菌群落中占主导地位，在连续单种花生的田地中，可能的病原菌如尖孢镰刀菌、南方钩端螺旋菌、Phoma sp.和Bionectria ochroleuca的相对丰度比对照地高，而对植物有利的真菌群如木霉、聚集菌和细长被孢霉的相对丰度却较低。结果表明，土壤中真菌致病菌负荷的积累以对植物有益的真菌为代价，似乎是花生连续种植导致产量下降的可能原因。皇冠版权所有(C)2014由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Peanut yield and quality are seriously compromised by consecutive monoculturing in the red soil region of southern China. Soil fungi are, however, also critical to the ecological functioning of soils and plant health and were thus the study subject here. Using 454 pyrosequencing, the entire soil fungal communities of a field where peanut had been consecutively cultured for five years and another field, where peanut had been consecutively cultured for at least 20 years, and a control field with only a single peanut crop after a lay period were compared. Fungal richness, community composition, and relative taxon abundances in soil were compared among the fields and sampling times, the latter corresponding to the pod-bearing and the pod-maturing stages. Eight hundred fungal operational taxonomic units at 97% ITS sequence identity were found among 194,783 sequence reads derived from 18 separate soil samples. Members of the phylum Ascomycota strongly dominated the soil fungal communities and putative pathogens, such as Fusarium oxysporum, Leptosphaerulina australis, Phoma sp., and Bionectria ochroleuca showed higher relative abundances in the fields where peanut was consecutively monocultured, compared to the control field, at the expense of putatively plant-beneficial fungal groups, such as Trichoderma sp., a glomeromycotan fungus, and Mortierella elongate. The results suggest that the accumulations of fungal pathogen loads at the expense of plant-beneficial fungi in the soil appear likely explanations for yield declines as a consequence of consecutive peanut cultivation. Crown Copyright (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.