Advances in defining fine- and micro-scale pattern in marine plankton
Advances in defining fine- and micro-scale pattern in marine plankton
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DOI：
10.1016/s0990-7440(03)00023-8
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发表时间：
2003-07-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Miksis, JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holliday, DV;Donaghay, PL;Miksis, JL
自1995年6月在阿伯丁举行的国际海洋考察理事会渔业和浮游生物声学研讨会（MacLennan和Holliday，1996年）以来，利用声学研究浮游动物取得了重要进展。小规模浮游动物分布的声学监测现在可以在几分之一分钟的时间间隔。现在，利用商用传感器可以很容易地实现几十厘米垂直空间尺度的分辨率。多频回声测距传感器（TAPS（TM））已部署在仰视模式的底部，并在停泊处向上，向下和水平。实时遥测提供了距离传感器数十米的浮游生物分布数据，持续数周至数月。这些传感器使人们能够估计浮游动物总生物量和不同深度和时间的水柱中动物的大小-丰度谱。当配置CTD和多光谱光学传感器被用来确定物理环境和浮游植物分布附近的声学浮游动物剖面，强烈的关系被观察到测量的空间和时间模式。浮游动物声学的新方法，说明从这些传感器收集的数据，同时监测薄，亚米厚层的浮游生物和底栖甲壳类动物的昼夜迁徙。(C)2003年科学与医学版Elsevier SAS和Ifremer/IRD/Inra/Cemagref。All rights reserved.
Since the June 1995 ICES Symposium on Fisheries and Plankton Acoustics in Aberdeen (MacLennan and Holliday, 1996), the use of acoustics for studying zooplankton has seen important advances. Acoustical monitoring of small-scale zooplankton distributions can now be done at intervals of a fraction of a minute. Resolution at vertical spatial scales of tens of centimeters is now easily achieved with commercially available sensors. Multiple-frequency echo-ranging sensors (TAPS(TM),) have been deployed in an up-looking mode on the bottom, and on moorings looking up, down and horizontally. Real-time telemetry provides data on plankton distributions at ranges up to tens of meters from the sensors for periods of weeks to months. These sensors allow one to estimate total zooplankton biomass and the size-abundance spectrum of the animals in the water column at different depths and times. When a profiling CTD and multi-spectral optical sensors were used to define the physical environment and phytoplankton distributions near an acoustical zooplankton profiler, strong relationships were observed between measured spatial and temporal patterns. New methods in zooplankton acoustics are illustrated with data collected from these sensors while monitoring thin, sub-meter thick layers of plankton and diel migrations of benthopelagic crustaceans. (C) 2003 Editions scientifiques et medicales Elsevier SAS and Ifremer/IRD/Inra/Cemagref. All rights reserved.