Risky business: The combined effects of fishing and changes in primary productivity on fish communities
Risky business: The combined effects of fishing and changes in primary productivity on fish communities
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.12.003
复制
发表时间：
2018-01-24
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Shin, Yunne-Jai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fu, Caihong;Travers-Trolet, Morgane;Shin, Yunne-Jai
越来越需要了解生态系统对多种压力的反应，因为这种复杂的反应不仅取决于物种水平的反应，而且还取决于物种之间的相互作用和生态系统结构。在这项研究中，我们使用了多模型生态系统模拟方法来探索渔业和初级生产力对一套生态系统和一系列模型类型的食物网不同组成部分的综合影响。在不同的初级生产力水平和各种捕捞情景下进行了模拟。除了探索多个压力源的协同、相加或拮抗组合效应外，我们还包括第四类“抑制”，这是指与相加相比，负面或正面影响较少，与以前的研究相比，我们明确考虑了组合效应的方向（正面或负面）。我们专注于两个具体的综合效应（负协同作用和积极的抑制）与风险的结果较低的鱼类生物量比预期的加性效应。通过对多模型模拟结果的元分析，我们发现：（1）低营养级（LTL）类群的负协同作用风险通常较高，这意味着随着捕捞压力的增加，在低初级生产力下生物量的随后减少将大于在加性效应下的预期;（ii）高营养级生物分类群受到积极抑制影响的风险一般较高，这意味着，如果采取旨在减少捕捞对高营养级生物种群影响的管理措施，这些种群随后的恢复速度将比预期的要慢。我们的分类和探索累积效应的方法可以应用于评估其他社区属性，并为渔业管理提供指导。(C)2017作者由爱思唯尔公司出版
There is an increasing need to understand ecosystem responses to multiple stressors in that such complex responses depend not only on species-level responses, but also on species interactions and ecosystem structure. In this study, we used a multi-model ecosystem simulation approach to explore the combined effects of fishing and primary productivity on different components of the food-web across a suite of ecosystems and a range of model types. Simulations were carried out under different levels of primary productivity and various fishing scenarios. In addition to exploring synergistic, additive or antagonistic combined effects of multiple stressors, we included a fourth category "dampened", which refers to less negative or less positive impacts compared to additive ones, and in contrast to previous studies, we explicitly considered the direction (positive or negative) of the combined effects. We focused on two specific combined effects (negative synergism and positive dampened) associated with the risk of resultant lower fish biomass than expected under additive effects. Through a meta-analysis of the multi models' simulation results, we found that (i) the risk of negative synergism was generally higher for low-trophic-level (LTL) taxa, implying that following an increase of fishing pressure on a given LTL stock, the subsequent decrease of biomass under low primary productivity would be larger than expected under additive effects and (ii) the risk of positive dampened effects was generally higher for high-trophic-level (HTL) taxa, implying that given a management measure aimed at reducing the impact of fishing on HTL stocks, the subsequent rebuilding of these stocks would be slower than expected. Our approach to categorizing and exploring cumulative effects can be applied to evaluate other community properties, and provide guidance for fisheries management. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.