Icebergs, sea ice, blue carbon and Antarctic climate feedbacks.
Icebergs, sea ice, blue carbon and Antarctic climate feedbacks.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1098/rsta.2017.0176
复制
发表时间：
2018-06-28
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Deregibus D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barnes DKA;Fleming A;Sands CJ;Quartino ML;Deregibus D
海冰，包括冰山，与极地地区动物体内的碳（蓝碳）有着复杂的关系。南极洲西部大陆架周围的海冰减少导致浮游植物水华持续时间更长，但也使其成为沿海冰山扰动的热点。这一点很重要，因为在极地地区，冰冲刷限制了蓝色碳储存生态系统服务，这是对气候变化的一个强大的负反馈（海冰减少会增加浮游植物水华、海底生长、海底碳和固碳）。这重新设定了底栖生物区系的演替（维持区域生物多样性），也使海洋肥沃，产生浮游植物大量繁殖，使碳捕获级联为海底储存和底栖生物埋葬。小冰山冲刷着海岸浅滩，而巨大的冰山则在离岸更深的地方。重要的底栖生物群落建立在冰架解体的地方（巨大的冰山崩解），并迅速增长以积累蓝碳储存。当5000平方公里的巨型冰山崩解时，我们估计它们每年产生约106吨固定的底栖动物碳（t C yr−1）。然而，它们与海底的碰撞会粉碎和回收大量的底栖生物群落，估计造成4 × 104吨C/年的损失。我们计算出，巨大的冰山形成（冰架解体）具有约106吨C yr-1封存效益的净潜力，以及更广泛的负面影响。这篇文章是“西南极半岛的海洋系统：在一个快速变化的地区取得进展的现状和战略”主题问题的一部分。
Sea ice, including icebergs, has a complex relationship with the carbon held within animals (blue carbon) in the polar regions. Sea-ice losses around West Antarctica's continental shelf generate longer phytoplankton blooms but also make it a hotspot for coastal iceberg disturbance. This matters because in polar regions ice scour limits blue carbon storage ecosystem services, which work as a powerful negative feedback on climate change (less sea ice increases phytoplankton blooms, benthic growth, seabed carbon and sequestration). This resets benthic biota succession (maintaining regional biodiversity) and also fertilizes the ocean with nutrients, generating phytoplankton blooms, which cascade carbon capture into seabed storage and burial by benthos. Small icebergs scour coastal shallows, whereas giant icebergs ground deeper, offshore. Significant benthic communities establish where ice shelves have disintegrated (giant icebergs calving), and rapidly grow to accumulate blue carbon storage. When 5000 km2 giant icebergs calve, we estimate that they generate approximately 106 tonnes of immobilized zoobenthic carbon per year (t C yr−1). However, their collisions with the seabed crush and recycle vast benthic communities, costing an estimated 4 × 104 t C yr−1. We calculate that giant iceberg formation (ice shelf disintegration) has a net potential of approximately 106 t C yr−1 sequestration benefits as well as more widely known negative impacts. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The marine system of the West Antarctic Peninsula: status and strategy for progress in a region of rapid change’.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
11.6
作者：
Gutt, Julian;Bertler, Nancy;Xavier, Jose C.
通讯作者：
Xavier, Jose C.
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Fillinger, Laura;Janussen, Dorte;Richter, Claudio
通讯作者：
Richter, Claudio
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Parkinson, Claire L.
通讯作者：
Parkinson, Claire L.
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Atkinson, A;Siegel, V;Rothery, P
通讯作者：
Rothery, P
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Barnes DKA;Sands CJ
通讯作者：
Sands CJ