Toxicity and genotoxicity of industrial soils polluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Toxicity and genotoxicity of industrial soils polluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
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DOI：
10.1016/s0146-6380(99)00078-9
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Jauzein, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bispo, A;Jourdain, MJ;Jauzein, M
评估了三个被多环芳烃污染的土壤样本的急性毒性（费氏弧菌[Microtox（R）测试]、大型蚤、阔尾巨首蚤）和慢性毒性（Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata），以及遗传毒性（费氏弧菌M169，[Mutatox（R）测试]）。对土壤水浸出液和土壤溶剂提取物进行生物测定，不仅可以确定水溶性污染物的部分，而且可以评估不溶性和土壤结合的污染物。水浸出物的毒性为低至中等（0至30毒性单位），而甲醇提取物的毒性约为100至10，000毒性单位。虽然只有轻微的毒性，水沥滤物的遗传毒性是明确证明。这一发现表明，单靠急性和慢性毒性测定可能不足以确定土壤危害的特征。因此，提出了一个步骤来研究土壤生态毒性，允许一个研究污染物的移动性，毒性和遗传毒性。它可用于查明危害，对土壤危害进行分类，从而绘制受污染场地的地图，评估处理的成功程度，最后监测已恢复的场地。(C)1999爱思唯尔科技有限公司。保留所有权利。
Three soil samples polluted by PAH were assessed for both acute (Vibrio fischeri [Microtox(R) test], Daphnia magna, Thamnocephalus platyurus) and chronic (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) toxicity, as well as for genotoxicity (Vibrio fischeri M169, [Mutatox(R) test]). Bioassays were performed on soil water leachates and on soil solvent extracts to characterise not only the fraction of water soluble pollutants but also to evaluate less soluble and soil-bound pollutants. The toxicity of the water leachates was low to moderate (from 0 to 30 toxic units) whereas the toxicity of the methanol extracts was about 100 to 10,000 toxic units. Although only slightly toxic, the genotoxicity of water leachates was clearly demonstrated. This finding shows that acute and chronic toxicity assays alone may not be sufficient to characterize soil hazards. A step procedure to characterise soil ecotoxicity is therefore proposed which allows one to study the pollutant mobility, toxicity and genotoxicity. It can be used to identify the hazard, to classify soil hazards and thus map contaminated sites, to assess the success of treatment and finally to monitor rehabilitated sites. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.