Importance of the Japanese anchovy (Engraulisjaponicus) to breeding rhinoceros auklets (Cerorhincamonocerata) on Teuri Island, Sea of Japan
Importance of the Japanese anchovy (Engraulisjaponicus) to breeding rhinoceros auklets (Cerorhincamonocerata) on Teuri Island, Sea of Japan
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日本鳀鱼 (Engraulisjaponicus) 对日本海 Teuri 岛上犀牛海雀 (Cerorhincamonocerata) 繁殖的重要性
DOI：
10.1007/s002270100594
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发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Y. Watanuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Takahashi;M. Kuroki;Y. Niizuma;A. Kato;S. Saitoh;Y. Watanuki
抽象的。在饮食和小鸡生长的犀牛小海雀（Cerorhincamonocerata），Teuri岛，日本海，时间变化进行了研究，以了解当地海洋环境的变化如何影响这种食鱼海鸟的繁殖。从1994年5月下旬至1998年7月，每隔1-2周对父母代给雏鸡的食物取样一次。总体而言，雏鸟的饮食包括（按质量）61%的日本（Engraulispatius），18%的日本沙矛（Ammodytespersonatus），18%的日本海绿（Pleurogrammusazonus），2%的其他鱼类和1%的鱿鱼。在各年份中，绵羊的贡献率为16%至93%。一旦在饮食中出现腹泻，它就占主导地位（平均80%）。因此，当肉鸡在养鸡季节（1994年，1998年）早期出现在饮食中时，肉鸡的贡献总体上是很大的。在1997年夏末，海雀的饮食中首次出现的寄生虫可能与负异常的海面温度有关。鱼的食物负荷（34.0g）大于沙矛鱼（22.5g）和青鳉鱼（28.5g）。与0+绿苗（4.78 kJ g-1）和0+沙矛（3.78 kJ g-1）相比，沙矛的能量密度也更高：6.3 kJ g-1湿质量。因此，饲料中高比例的凤尾鱼导致高食物负荷质量、小鸡的高每日生长率和高雏鸟成功率。这项研究强调了重要性的时间到达的迁徙高脂猎物，这是由当地的海洋条件的影响，一个食鱼海鸟的繁殖性能。
Abstract. Temporal variation in the diet and chick growth of rhinoceros auklets (Cerorhincamonocerata), on Teuri Island, Sea of Japan, was studied to understand how local marine environmental changes affect the reproduction of this piscivorous seabird. The food delivered by parents to chicks was sampled every 1–2 weeks from late May to July, 1994–1998. Overall, the diet of nestling rhinoceros auklets consisted of (by mass) 61% Japanese anchovy (Engraulisjaponicus), 18% Japanese sand lance (Ammodytespersonatus), 18% Japan Sea greenling (Pleurogrammusazonus), 2% other fish and 1% squid. Among years, the contribution of anchovy ranged from 16% to 93%. Once anchovy occurred in the diet, it dominated (80% on average) thereafter. Accordingly, when anchovy appeared in the diet early in the chick-rearing season (1994, 1998), the contribution of anchovy overall was large. The first appearance of anchovy in the diet of auklets late in the summer of 1997 was possibly related to negatively anomalous sea-surface temperature. Food loads composed of anchovy (34.0 g) were heavier than those of sand lance (22.5 g) and greenling (28.5 g). The energy density of anchovies also was higher: 6.3 kJ g–1 wet mass compared to 0+ greenling (4.78 kJ g–1) and 0+ sand lance (3.78 kJ g–1). Thus, a high proportion of anchovy in the diet resulted in high food load mass, high daily growth rates of chicks and high fledging success. This study highlighted the importance of the time of arrival of migratory high-lipid prey, which is influenced by local oceanographic conditions, to the reproductive performance of a piscivorous seabird.