Differential Outcome Effects in Pavlovian Biconditional and Ambiguous Occasion Setting Tasks
Differential Outcome Effects in Pavlovian Biconditional and Ambiguous Occasion Setting Tasks
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DOI：
10.1037/a0019136
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发表时间：
2010-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Fein, Matthew I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Delamater, Andrew R.;Kranjec, Alexander;Fein, Matthew I.
使用巴甫洛杂志方法调理准备的三项大鼠实验探讨了差异结果效应 (DOE)。实验 1 将接受双条件辨别（AX+、AY-、BX-、BY+）训练的组与差异或非差异结果进行比较，实验 2 使用模糊场合设置任务（例如 AX+、X-、Y+、AY-）对此进行检验。在这两个实验中，接受差异结果训练的受试者比接受非差异结果训练的受试者更好地学习任务。此外，接受差异化结果训练的受试者比消极情境设置部分更有效地学习了模糊任务的积极情境设置部分，尽管两者都通过差异化结果训练得到了增强。实验3表明，当在逆转阶段维持目标结果关系（相对于调节器结果关系）时，模糊场合设置任务更容易被逆转。这些数据表明，后天的独特性效应可能是巴甫洛夫学习中 DOE 的原因。
Three experiments with rats explored the differential outcome effect (DOE) using a Pavloian magazine approach conditioning preparation. Experiment 1 compared groups trained on a biconditional discrimination (AX+, AY-, BX-, BY+) with differential or nondifferential outcomes, and Experiment 2 examined this using an ambiguous occasion setting task (e.g., AX+, X-, Y+, AY-). In both experiments, subjects trained with differential outcomes learned the tasks better than subjects trained with nondifferential outcomes. Furthermore, subjects given differential outcome training learned the positive occasion setting component of the ambiguous task more efficiently than the negative occasion setting component, although both were enhanced by differential outcome training. Experiment 3 demonstrated that the ambiguous occasion setting task was reversed more readily when the target outcome relations (as opposed to the modulator outcome relations) were maintained during the reversal phase. These data suggest that an acquired distinctiveness effect may be responsible for the DOE in Pavlovian learning.