Effects of repeated exposures to severely cold environments on thermal responses of humans.
Effects of repeated exposures to severely cold environments on thermal responses of humans.
复制标题
反复暴露于严寒环境对人类热反应的影响。
DOI：
10.1080/00140139508925165
复制
发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Y. Nagai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Y. Tochihara;T. Ohnaka;K. Tuzuki;Y. Nagai
本研究旨在探讨不同冷暴露速率对热反应的影响，在每种条件下总的冷暴露时间相同。在温暖的房间（25摄氏度）休息10分钟后，6名穿着标准防寒服的男学生进入相邻的寒冷房间（-25摄氏度）。每个5、10和20分钟的冷暴露分别重复12、6和3次。每次冷暴露后，在25摄氏度下休息相似的时间。三种条件下的总冷暴露时间相同。测量直肠温度、皮肤温度、血压、17-羟考糖酸（OHCS）、计数任务和主观反应。在冷暴露结束时，皮肤温度在较短的曝光高于其他条件下，除了脚。在较短的暴露时间内，由于寒冷引起的不适较少，不适的表现也较迟。然而，在三种条件下，直肠温度下降和尿中17-OHCS排泄量没有差异，这是冷应激的良好指标。此外，血压升高和计数任务下降，由于寒冷是没有什么不同的三种条件。尽管每次停留的冷暴露时间很短，但当冷暴露频繁重复时，全身冷应激和手动任务性能下降与长时间冷暴露相同。
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different exposure rates on thermal responses with the total cold exposure time the same under each of the conditions. After resting in a warm room (25 degrees C) for 10 minutes, six male students wearing standard cold protective clothing entered an adjoining cold room (-25 degrees C). Each 5-, 10- and 20-minute cold exposure was repeated 12, 6 and 3 times, respectively. Each cold exposure was followed by a similar duration of rest at 25 degrees C. Total cold exposure time was the same under the three conditions. Rectal temperature, skin temperatures, blood pressure, 17-hydroxycoyticoids (OHCS), counting task and subjective responses were measured. At the end of the cold exposure skin temperatures in the shorter exposures were higher than those in the other conditions, except on the foot. Discomfort due to cold was less in the shorter exposures and manifestation of discomfort was delayed. However, there were no differences among the three conditions in the fall of rectal temperature and urinary excretion of 17-OHCS, which are good indices of cold stress. Moreover, increase in blood pressure and decrease in counting task due to cold were not different among the three conditions. Even though the cold exposure time for each stay was short, when cold exposures were repeated frequently, cold stress of the whole body and decrease in manual task performance were the same as in the longer cold exposure.