Changes in obesity and BMI among children and adolescents with selected chronic conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Changes in obesity and BMI among children and adolescents with selected chronic conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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DOI：
10.1002/oby.23532
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发表时间：
2022-10
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这项研究的目的是检查5至<20岁的选定慢性病患者中肥胖和BMI的COVID-19大流行相关变化。对293，341名年龄在5至<20岁之间的患者进行了纵向研究，这些患者接受了五种药物类别（抑郁症，精神病，高血压，糖尿病或癫痫）中的一种，并在2019年1月至2021年3月期间进行了BMI测量。使用广义估计方程和线性混合效应模型，考虑儿童内重复测量，并按年龄、种族、民族、性别和处方药物类别分层，比较大流行期间（2020年6月至12月）与大流行前（2019年6月至12月）的肥胖和BMI z评分。肥胖患病率从大流行前的23.8%增加到大流行期间的25.5%;平均（SD）BMI z评分从0.62（1.26）增加到0.65（1.29）。与大流行前相比，大流行期间5至<13岁儿童的肥胖患病率增加速度更快（每月0.27%; 95% CI：0.11%-0.44%）和13至<18岁（每月0.24%; 95% CI：0.09%-0.40%），5至<13岁男童的增幅最大（每月0.42%），黑人（每月0.35%）或西班牙裔（每月0.59%）或处方抗高血压药（每月0.28%）。COVID-19疫情加剧了肥胖症的流行，并扩大了患有特定慢性病的儿童之间的差距。这些发现强调了继续努力特别帮助因大流行而体重增加的高危人群的重要性。
The aim of this study was to examine COVID-19 pandemic-related changes in obesity and BMI among patients aged 5 to <20 years with selected chronic conditions. A longitudinal study in 293,341 patients aged 5 to <20 years who were prescribed one of five medication classes (for depression, psychosis, hypertension, diabetes, or epilepsy) and who had BMI measures from January 2019 to March 2021 was conducted. Generalized estimating equations and linear mixed-effects models were used, accounting for within-child repeated measures and stratified by age, race, ethnicity, gender, and class of medication prescribed, to compare obesity and BMI z score during the pandemic (June through December 2020) versus pre-pandemic (June through December 2019). Obesity prevalence increased from 23.8% before the pandemic to 25.5% during the pandemic; mean (SD) BMI z score increased from 0.62 (1.26) to 0.65 (1.29). Obesity prevalence during the pandemic increased at a faster rate compared with pre-pandemic among children aged 5 to <13 years (0.27% per month; 95% CI: 0.11%-0.44%) and 13 to <18 years (0.24% per month; 95% CI: 0.09%-0.40%), with the largest increases among children aged 5 to <13 years who were male (0.42% per month), Black (0.35% per month), or Hispanic (0.59% per month) or who were prescribed antihypertensives (0.28% per month). The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the obesity epidemic and widened disparities among children with selected chronic conditions. These findings highlight the importance of continuing efforts to specifically help high-risk populations who are experiencing weight gain from the pandemic.