Estimating the Time of Last Cannabis Use from Plasma Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and 11-nor-9-Carboxy-Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Concentrations
Estimating the Time of Last Cannabis Use from Plasma Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and 11-nor-9-Carboxy-Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Concentrations
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根据血浆 Δ9-四氢大麻酚和 11-正-9-羧基-Δ9-四氢大麻酚浓度估计最后一次使用大麻的时间
DOI：
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Michael L. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Huestis;Allan J. Barnes;Michael L. Smith
背景：在事故调查和临床评估中，了解最后一次使用大麻的时间对于确定损害很重要。建立了两个根据单一血浆大麻素浓度预测最后一次使用大麻的时间的模型--模型I，使用Δ9-四氢大麻酚(THC)，和模型II，使用11-或-9-羧基-THC(THCCOOH)与THC的浓度比--并从受控给药研究中得到验证。本研究的目的是通过使用单剂量和多剂量注射THC后收集的大量血浆样本来扩大验证，并检查这些模型在低血浆大麻素浓度下的有效性。方法：38名吸食大麻的人早上每人抽一支2.64%的THC香烟，30名吸食第二支烟的人在下午抽第二支烟。717例吸烟后每隔一段时间采血，用气相色谱-质谱法测定血浆THC和THCCOOH浓度。根据每个模型，预测吸食大麻的次数与实际吸食大麻的次数进行比较。结果：最准确的方法是模型I和模型II的组合。在所有717个血浆样本中，99%的最后使用时间预测在95%的可信区间内，0.9%被高估，没有人被低估。在多次注射后采集的289份血浆样本中，97%的样本是正确的，没有低估。对76个血浆样本的所有时间估计都是正确的，其浓度在0.5到2μg/L之间，这个浓度范围以前没有被检查过。结论：这项研究扩展了最后一次使用大麻时间预测模型的有效性，将多次接触和低THC浓度包括在内。这些模型为评估大麻对事故或临床症状的贡献提供了一种客观和有效的方法。
Background: Knowing the time cannabis was last used is important for determining impairment in accident investigations and clinical evaluations. Two models for predicting time of last cannabis use from single plasma cannabinoid concentrations—model I, using Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and model II, using the concentration ratio of 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THCCOOH) to THC—were developed and validated from controlled drug administration studies. Objectives of the current study were to extend the validation by use of a large number of plasma samples collected after administration of single and multiple doses of THC and to examine the effectiveness of the models at low plasma cannabinoid concentrations. Methods: Thirty-eight cannabis users each smoked a 2.64% THC cigarette in the morning, and 30 also smoked a second cigarette in the afternoon. Blood samples (n = 717) were collected at intervals after smoking, and plasma THC and THCCOOH concentrations measured by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Predicted times of cannabis smoking, based on each model, were compared with actual smoking times. Results: The most accurate approach applied a combination of models I and II. For all 717 plasma samples, 99% of predicted times of last use were within the 95% confidence interval, 0.9% were overestimated, and none were underestimated. For 289 plasma samples collected after multiple doses, 97% were correct with no underestimates. All time estimates were correct for 76 plasma samples with THC concentrations between 0.5 and 2 μg/L, a concentration range not previously examined. Conclusions: This study extends the validation of the predictive models of time of last cannabis use to include multiple exposures and low THC concentrations. The models provide an objective and validated method for assessing the contribution of cannabis to accidents or clinical symptoms.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
1980
期刊：
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics
影响因子：
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作者：
Hunt,CA;Jones,RT
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DOI：
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发表时间：
1991
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Aviation, space, and environmental medicine
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作者：
Leirer,VO;Yesavage,JA;Morrow,DG
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影响因子：
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作者：
Huestis, MA;Gorelick, DA;Frank, RA
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1980 年至 1997 年没收大麻中 delta9-THC 和其他大麻素的效力趋势。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
Journal of forensic sciences.
影响因子：
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作者：
ElSohly,MA;Ross,SA;Mehmedic,Z;Arafat,R;Yi,B;Banahan3rd,BF
通讯作者：
Banahan3rd,BF