Anticipated Negative Police-Youth Encounters and Depressive Symptoms among Pregnant African American Women: A Brief Report
Anticipated Negative Police-Youth Encounters and Depressive Symptoms among Pregnant African American Women: A Brief Report
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DOI：
10.1007/s11524-017-0136-3
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Bryan, Alpha F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jackson, Fleda Mask;James, Sherman A.;Bryan, Alpha F.
广为人知的警察和非裔美国青年之间的暴力冲突对非裔美国孕妇的情绪和心理健康产生了未知的后果。由于研究记录了黑人母亲为保护儿童免受暴力和种族主义而采取的高度警惕，而且研究结果还揭示了种族和性别压力（包括养育压力源）与怀孕期间抑郁症状之间的关联，因此有必要检查黑人青年和警察之间预期负面经历所产生的压力对母亲心理健康的影响。 2014 年 7 月至 8 月期间，100 名居住在亚特兰大大都市、处于妊娠早期和中期的非裔美国孕妇（大多为低收入）完成了爱丁堡产后抑郁量表、杰克逊、霍格、菲利普斯情景压力测量中的选定项目以及人口统计表格。针对以下问题进行了双变量和逻辑回归分析：（1）黑人青年和警察之间的负面接触的预期是否与产前抑郁症状相关；（2）以前的孩子（无论是男性还是女性）的存在如何促成这种关联？对于问题 1，结果显示，预期的负面非裔美国青年警察经历与产前抑郁症状显着相关 chi (2) (2, N = 87) = 12.62，p = .002。对于问题 2，家中存在学龄前男孩与产前抑郁症显着相关（p = .009，比值比 = 13.23）。观察到的产前抑郁症状与预期的警察青年遭遇之间的关联对于针对非洲裔美国孕妇独特的心理社会风险的临床和社区干预措施具有重要意义。
The widely publicized violent encounters between police and African American youth have unknown consequences for the emotional and mental health of pregnant African American women. Since studies document the hypervigilance black mothers exert to protect children from violence and racism and findings also reveal the association between racial and gendered stress (which includes parenting stressors) and depressive symptoms during pregnancy, an examination of the effects of stress from anticipated negative experiences between black youth and police on maternal mental health is warranted. Between July and August 2014, 100 mostly low income pregnant African American women who lived in metropolitan Atlanta and were in their first and second trimesters completed the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale, selected items from the Jackson, Hogue, Phillips contextualized stress measure, and a demographic form. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were conducted in response to questions that asked: (1) is the anticipation of negative encounters between black youth and police associated with antenatal depressive symptoms and (2) how does the presence of prior children, male or female, contribute to the association? For question 1, the results showed that anticipated negative African American youth-police experiences were significantly associated with antenatal depressive symptoms chi (2) (2, N = 87) = 12.62, p = .002. For question 2, the presence of a preschool-aged male child in the home was significantly associated with antenatal depression (p = .009, odds ratio = 13.23). The observed associations between antenatal depressive symptoms and anticipated negative police-youth encounters have implications for clinical- and community-based interventions responding to the unique psychosocial risks for pregnant African American women.