Nicotine self-administration and withdrawal: modulation of anxiety in the social interaction test in rats
Nicotine self-administration and withdrawal: modulation of anxiety in the social interaction test in rats
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DOI：
10.1007/s002130000586
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Chiamulera, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Irvine, EE;Bagnalasta, M;Chiamulera, C
理由：大多数吸烟者报告说，吸烟有缓解焦虑的作用，这可能导致尼古丁依赖。目的：观察自服尼古丁4周(每日15次，每次0.03 mg/kg，共0.45 mg/kg)，以及戒断23、72 h后对焦虑的社交测验(SI)的影响。暴露于操纵室对戒断反应的影响也被检测。方法：对动物进行生理盐水或尼古丁自我给药训练，4周后在每日给药后进行SI测试。动物在停药24小时和72小时后重新测试，当它们直接从家庭笼子中取出时，或者在暴露于操作室30分钟后5分钟进行测试。结果：与生理盐水对照组相比，尼古丁灌胃4周后，动物的社会交往减少，运动能力无下降，提示尼古丁具有明显的焦虑效应。在慢性尼古丁戒断24和72小时后，无论大鼠是否在接受测试之前暴露在操作室中，社交互动都没有变化。结论：尼古丁的自我给药并不是因为它的抗焦虑作用，而是尽管或因为它的焦虑作用。没有证据表明戒断24或72小时后会产生焦虑性反应，因此戒断尼古丁时增加的焦虑似乎并不有助于尼古丁的自我给药。
Rationle: Most smokers report smoking has an anxiolytic effect, which may contribute to nicotine dependence. Objective: To examine effects in the social interaction test (SI) of anxiety after 4 weeks' self-administered nicotine (15 infusions of 0.03 mg/kg, totalling 0.45 mg/kg per day), and after 23 and 72 h of withdrawal. The effect of exposure to the operant chamber on withdrawal responses was also examined. Methods: Animals were trained to self-administer saline or nicotine and after 4 weeks they were tested in SI after their daily self-administration session. Animals were retested after 24 and 72 h withdrawal, when they were either taken directly from the home cage or were tested 5 min after a 30-min exposure to the operant chamber. Results: Compared with the saline control group, the animals that had been self-administering nicotine for 4 weeks showed decreased social interaction with no decrease in locomotor activity, indicating a significant anxiogenic effect of the nicotine infusions. There was no change in social interaction after 24 and 72 h withdrawal from chronic nicotine, regardless of whether or not the rats were exposed to the operant chamber just prior to being tested. Conclusions: Nicotine self-administration is not maintained because of its anxiolytic effect, but despite, or because of, its anxiogenic effect. There was no evidence of an anxiogenic response after either 24 or 72 h of withdrawal and thus increased anxiety on withdrawal from nicotine does not seem to contribute to nicotine self-administration.