Molecular diagnostics in gastric cancer
Molecular diagnostics in gastric cancer
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DOI：
10.2741/4210
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Malfertheiner, Peter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bornschein, Jan;Leja, Marcis;Malfertheiner, Peter
尽管最近在个体化靶向治疗方面取得了进展，但胃癌仍然是胃肠道肿瘤中最具挑战性的疾病之一。使用内窥镜过滤装置和体内分子成像的现代成像技术旨在早期发现癌症并监测有风险的患者。从定制治疗和个体预后评估的角度来看，肿瘤本身以及周围炎症环境的分子特征更为复杂。广泛应用高通量技术来描述癌症组织中结构（拷贝数畸变、单核苷酸多态性、甲基化模式）和功能（基因表达谱、蛋白质组学、miRNA）改变的基因组宽模式，不仅可以更好地理解肿瘤生物学，还可以描述独立于经典分层系统的胃癌亚型。对这些方法产生的大量数据的解释需要生物统计手段。在这篇综述中，我们综述了目前对胃癌疾病的检测、描述和理解的诊断方法。
Despite recent advances in individualised targeted therapy, gastric cancer remains one of the most challenging diseases in gastrointestinal oncology. Modern imaging techniques using endoscopic filter devices and in vivo molecular imaging are designed to enable early detection of the cancer and surveillance of patients at risk. Molecular characterisation of the tumour itself as well as of the surrounding inflammatory environment is more sophisticated in the view of tailored therapies and individual prognostic assessment. The broad application of high throughput techniques for the description of genome wide patterns of structural (copy number aberrations, single nucleotide polymorphisms, methylation pattern) and functional (gene expression profiling, proteomics, miRNA) alterations in the cancer tissue lead not only to a better understanding of the tumour biology but also to a description of gastric cancer subtypes independent from classical stratification systems. Biostatistical means are required for the interpretation of the massive amount of data generated by these approaches. In this review we give an overview on the current knowledge of diagnostic methods for detection, description and understanding of gastric cancer disease.