Light to moderate amount of lifetime alcohol consumption and risk of cancer in Japan
Light to moderate amount of lifetime alcohol consumption and risk of cancer in Japan
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DOI：
10.1002/cncr.32590
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发表时间：
2019-12-09
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Kawachi, Ichiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zaitsu, Masayoshi;Takeuchi, Takumi;Kawachi, Ichiro
即使是轻度到中度的饮酒也会增加癌症的发病率。然而，这种关联在日本并没有得到很好的描述。方法基于2005-2016年全国范围内的医院数据集，进行了一项多中心病例对照研究（63，232例癌症病例和63，232例对照，性别，年龄，入院日期和入院医院匹配）。通过每日标准化饮酒量（每天饮酒量）和饮酒持续时间（年）的乘积，回忆每位患者的终生饮酒总量（饮酒年）。通过限制性三次样条的条件Logistic回归估计总体和特定癌症部位的优势比（OR），并对吸烟、职业类别和合并症进行调整。终身戒酒者作为参照组。结果样条曲线显示剂量-反应与总体癌症风险相关：最小风险为0饮酒年，10饮酒年的OR为1.05（95%置信区间[CI]，1.04-1.06）。与终生戒酒者相比，饮酒>0 - 20年的OR为1.06（95%CI，1.01-1.11）。那些每天喝2杯或更少的人在所有饮酒时间类别中的整体癌症风险都增加了。对于大多数胃肠道/呼吸消化系统癌症以及乳腺癌和前列腺癌，在轻度至中度饮酒水平下观察到相同的模式。按性别、不同饮酒/吸烟行为和职业类别分层的分析大多显示与轻度至中度饮酒相关的总体癌症发病率的相同模式。在日本，即使是轻度到中度的饮酒似乎也与癌症风险升高有关。
Background Even light to moderate alcohol consumption has been shown to increase cancer incidence. However, this association has not been well characterized in Japan. Methods Based on a nationwide, hospital-based data set (2005-2016), a multicenter case-control study was conducted (63,232 cancer cases and 63,232 controls matched for sex, age, admission date, and admitting hospital). The total amount of lifetime alcohol consumption (drink-years) was recalled for each patient by multiplication of the daily amount of standardized alcohol use (drinks per day) and the duration of drinking (years). Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated for overall and specific cancer sites via conditional logistic regression with restricted cubic splines, with adjustments made for smoking, occupational class, and comorbidities. Lifetime abstainers served as the reference group. Results Spline curves showed a dose-response association with overall cancer risk: the minimum risk was at 0 drink-years, and the OR at 10 drink-years was 1.05 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.06). In comparison with lifetime abstainers, the OR for >0 to 20 drink-years was 1.06 (95% CI, 1.01-1.11). Those who drank 2 drinks or fewer per day had elevated odds for overall cancer risk across all duration-of-drinking categories. The same patterns were observed at light to moderate levels of drinking for most gastrointestinal/aerodigestive cancers as well as breast and prostate cancers. Analyses stratified by sex, different drinking/smoking behaviors, and occupational class mostly showed the same patterns for overall cancer incidence associated with light to moderate levels of drinking. Conclusions In Japan, even light to moderate alcohol consumption appears to be associated with elevated cancer risks.