Vector competence of Culicoides for arboviruses: three major periods of research, their influence on current studies and future directions
Vector competence of Culicoides for arboviruses: three major periods of research, their influence on current studies and future directions
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DOI：
10.20506/rst.34.1.2347
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发表时间：
2015-04-01
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
Venter, G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carpenter, S.;Veronesi, E.;Venter, G.
自1998年以来在欧洲发生的蓝舌病病毒（BTV）的壮观和前所未有的爆发导致了对决定库蠓（双翅目：蠓科）对虫媒病毒的能力的那些因素的兴趣增加。本文对呼肠孤病毒科的两种重要经济病毒--非洲马瘟病毒（AHSV）和BTV--通过库蠓传播的生物学研究的三个主要阶段进行了评述。首先，他们检查了早期的研究，主要是在南部非洲进行的，这些研究在最初暗示库蠓是AHSV和BTV传播的媒介中发挥了关键作用。然后，他们研究了在建立BTV媒介物种库蠓（Culicoides sonorensis）的菌落后所取得的进展，这些菌落在很大程度上塑造了我们目前对BTV和AHSV传播的理解。然后，他们考虑了近年来在欧盟发生的BTV病毒载体的尝试，这些尝试已经成为有史以来最具经济破坏性的一系列疫情。在某些情况下，这些暴发的起源是不确定和意外的，特别是在北方欧洲，那里以前没有发生过BTV。库蠓的生物学的载体能力的研究所施加的限制，然后讨论，沿着的技术进步，现在可用的和物流的代理工作需要生物安全遏制其流行范围之外。最后，作者提出了迄今为止没有得到充分解决或完全被忽视的领域，以及可以进行研究以提供标准化数据进行全球比较的方法。
The spectacular and unprecedented outbreaks of bluetongue virus (BTV) that have occurred in Europe since 1998 have led to increased interest in those factors that determine competence of Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) for arboviruses. In this review the authors critically examine three major periods of research into the biological transmission by Culicoides of two economically important a rboviruses of the family Reoviridae: African horse sickness virus (AHSV) and BTV. First they examine early studies, largely conducted in southern Africa, that played a key role in initially implicating Culicoides as agents of AHSV and BTV transmission. Then they examine advances in understanding made following the establishment of colonies of the BTV vector species Culicoides sonorensis, which have largely shaped our current understanding of BTV and AHSV transmission. They then consider attempts in recent years to implicate vectors of BTV in the European Union during what has become the most economically damaging series of outbreaks in recorded history. In some cases the origin of these outbreaks was uncertain and unexpected, particularly in northern Europe, where BTV had not previously occurred. Limitations imposed on studies of vector competence by the biology of Culicoides are then discussed, along with advances in the technologies now available and the logistics of working upon agents requiring biosecure containment outside their endemic range. Finally, the authors suggest areas that have either been poorly addressed to date or entirely ignored and ways in which studies could be conducted to provide standardised data for comparison worldwide.