Biofilm and Related Amoebas in an UK Chlorinated Drinking Water System
Biofilm and Related Amoebas in an UK Chlorinated Drinking Water System
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DOI：
10.3390/w13213069
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发表时间：
2021-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Douterelo, Isabel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Del Olmo, Gonzalo;Malinowski, Natalia;Douterelo, Isabel
饮用水分配系统(DWDS)可以容纳致病性阿米巴，但在英国的系统中，需要充分探索生物膜在支持这些生物发生方面的作用。在英国的一个试验性全尺寸氯化分配系统中，研究了阿米巴和相关细菌在附着在内管道表面的生物膜中的存在。采用定量聚合酶链式反应(QPCR)对阿米巴进行鉴定和定量，并对生物膜中的细菌群落进行16S rRNA基因测序。尽管网络中保持着残留的氯(游离氯>；=0.24 mg/L)，但在30天的生物膜样本中发现了属于棘阿米巴属、Vermaoeba属和Naegleria属的几种阿米巴；然而，在所分析的水样中没有检测到阿米巴。生物膜样品中的优势细菌群落为Variovorax、Pseudomonas和Aquabacterium。这些结果表明，生物膜样品中分别含有潜在的致病性阿米巴和细菌，如棘阿米巴和假单胞菌，这意味着如果生物膜被动员到散装水中，可能会产生公共卫生风险。在这项研究中发现的几种阿米巴能够支持耐药细菌的存在，这些细菌可以在这些原核生物中保持存活，直到它们到达人的水龙头。通过对生物膜中致病性阿米巴相关微生物的鉴定，可用于加强对DWDS的监测，以保护公众健康。
Drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) can host pathogenic amoebae, but the role of biofilms in supporting the occurrence of these organisms needs to be fully explored in the UK systems. The presence of amoebae and associated bacteria in biofilms attached to inner pipe surfaces was studied in an experimental full-scale chlorinated distribution system in the UK. Quantitative polymerase change reaction (qPCR) was used to identify and quantify amoebae, whilst the bacterial communities in the biofilms were characterised by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Despite the maintenance of a chlorine residual in the network (free chlorine >= 0.24 mg/L), several species of amoebae belonging to the genera Acanthamoeba, Vermamoeba, and Naegleria were identified in 30-day-old biofilm samples; however, no amoebae were detected in the water samples analysed. The dominant bacterial communities present in the biofilm samples were Variovorax, Pseudomonas, and Aquabacterium. These results indicate that the biofilm samples contained potential pathogenic amoebae and bacteria, such as Acanthamoeba and Pseudomonas, respectively, which implies a potential public health risk if the biofilms are mobilised into the bulk water. Several of the amoebae identified in this study are able to support the presence of resistant bacteria that can remain viable within these prokaryotic organisms until they reach people's taps. The identification of the microorganisms associated with the pathogenic amoeba species in biofilms could be used to improve the surveillance of DWDS in order to protect public health.