De-worming school children and hygiene intervention
De-worming school children and hygiene intervention
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DOI：
10.1080/0960312031000102912
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发表时间：
2003-06-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Luong, TV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Luong, TV
蠕虫或蠕虫感染是指作为寄生虫生活在人体内的蠕虫，并且是与胃肠道紊乱以外的健康和营养问题相关的疾病的根本原因。在全球范围内，超过35亿人感染肠道蠕虫，其中14.7亿人感染蛔虫，13亿人感染钩虫，10.5亿人感染鞭虫。5至15岁的学龄儿童感染率和蠕虫负担最高，这归因于环境卫生和个人卫生条件差。全世界约有4亿学龄儿童感染蛔虫、鞭虫和钩虫，其中大部分在东亚地区（柬埔寨、中国、老挝人民民主共和国、泰国和越南）。这些寄生虫从他们感染的儿童身上吸收营养，从而阻碍他们的身体发育。它们破坏组织和器官，引起腹痛、腹泻、肠梗阻、贫血、溃疡和其他健康问题。感染的所有这些后果都会减缓认知发育，从而损害学习。对学龄儿童进行驱虫药物治疗是消除其体内寄生虫的有效方法。然而，单独的药物治疗只是减少蠕虫感染的短期措施，并且再感染是频繁的。需要通过改善环境卫生、个人卫生和驱虫采取控制措施，以防止感染和再次感染。儿童基金会支持这一（和其他）区域的许多政府通过水、环境和卫生方案，协助在许多学校提供供水和卫生设施，并进行强化卫生教育。儿童基金会支持的学校环境卫生和个人卫生教育方案和其他方案可以有效地促进儿童的行为改变，以阻断蠕虫传播途径和其他水传播疾病。
Helminths or worm infestations refer to worms that live as parasites in the human body and are a fundamental cause of disease associated with health and nutrition problems beyond gastrointestinal tract disturbances. Globally, over 3.5 billion people are infected with intestinal worms, of which 1.47 billion are with roundworm, 1.3 billion people with hookworm and 1.05 billion with whipworm. School children aged 5-15 years suffer the highest infection rate and worm burden that attributes to poor sanitation and hygiene. About 400 million school-age children are infected with roundworm, whipworm and hookworm worldwide, a large proportion of whom are found in the East Asia region (Cambodia, China, Lao PDR, Thailand and Vietnam). These parasites consume nutrients from children they infect, thus retarding their physical development. They destroy tissues and organs, cause abdominal pain, diarrhoea, intestinal obstruction, anaemia, ulcers and other health problems. All of these consequences of infection can slow cognitive development and thus impair learning. De-worming school children by anthelmintic drug treatment is a curative approach for expelling the heavy worm load. However, drug therapy alone is only a short-term measure of reducing worm infection and reinfection is frequent. Control measures through improved sanitation, hygiene and de-worming are needed to prevent infection and re-infection. UNICEF has supported many governments in this (and other) regions to assist in the provision of water supply and sanitary facilities and intensive hygiene education in many schools through the Water, Environment and Sanitation (WES) programme. The UNICEF supported school sanitation and hygiene education (SSHE) programme, and other programmes, could effectively enhance behaviour change in children to break the routes of worm transmission and other waterborne diseases.