Coagulation in Lymphatic System.
Coagulation in Lymphatic System.
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淋巴系统凝血
DOI：
10.3389/fcvm.2021.762648
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Liu J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang W;Li J;Liang J;Qi X;Tian J;Liu J
淋巴系统维持组织中的细胞和血液循环之间的内部环境的稳态。淋巴液的凝固状态是由凝固因子和淋巴管的状态决定的。内部闭塞、外部压迫或淋巴管压力异常升高可能易发生局部淋巴凝固。在生理条件下，抗凝血酶和凝血酶激酶的不平衡减少淋巴血栓形成。然而，淋巴管内皮损伤释放因子X可能触发凝血级联反应，导致淋巴管阻塞和水肿。不同组织中淋巴管的异质性可能导致特定淋巴管中不同的凝固水平和模式。凝血特性的定量和定性测量显示淋巴中发生凝血的时间比血液中更长。癌症、感染、淀粉样变性和淋巴结清扫可能引发淋巴管血栓形成。与静脉或动脉血栓形成相反，淋巴血栓形成很少被报道，其实际患病率可能被低估。本文就淋巴系统凝血机制的研究进展作一综述，并对淋巴系统血栓形成相关疾病进行讨论。
The lymphatic system maintains homeostasis of the internal environment between the cells in tissues and the blood circulation. The coagulation state of lymph is determined by conditions of coagulation factors and lymphatic vessels. Internal obliteration, external compression or abnormally increased lymphatic pressure may predispose to localized lymphatic coagulation. In physiological conditions, an imbalance of antithrombin and thrombokinase reduces lymphatic thrombosis. However, the release of factor X by lymphatic endothelium injury may trigger coagulation casacade, causing blockage of lymphatic vessels and lymphedema. Heterogeneity of lymphatic vessels in various tissues may lead to distinct levels and patterns of coagulation in specific lymphatic vessels. The quantitative and qualitative measurement of clotting characteristic reveals longer time for clotting to occur in the lymph than in the blood. Cancer, infections, amyloidosis and lymph node dissection may trigger thrombosis in the lymphatic vessels. In contrast to venous or arterial thrombosis, lymphatic thrombosis has rarely been reported, and its actual prevalence is likely underestimated. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of coagulation in lymphatic system, and discuss the lymphatic thrombosis-related diseases.