Historical seasonal changes in prescribed burn windows in California
Historical seasonal changes in prescribed burn windows in California
复制标题
加利福尼亚州规定燃烧窗口的历史季节变化
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155723
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Banerjee, Tirtha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baijnath-Rodino, Janine A.;Li, Shu;Martinez, Alexandre;Kumar, Mukesh;Quinn-Davidson, Lenya N.;York, Robert A.;Banerjee, Tirtha
处方（Rx）烧伤是在最高气温、相对湿度和风速的气象阈值都达到（烧伤窗口）的日子进行的，以确保安全的Rx烧伤实践。有限的烧伤窗口一直被认为是在加州进行Rx烧伤的最重要限制之一。我们调查是否燃烧窗口整个加州可以从典型的秋季扩展到包括其他合适的季节，以促进特定的管理目标。我们通过使用Rx数据集的集合评估频率和燃烧面积来量化季节性Rx燃烧效率，并使用gridMET 4 km数据集计算35年（1984年至2019年）气象参数集满足天数的季节性时空趋势。我们的研究结果表明，虽然秋季烧伤是最频繁执行（40%的时间），春季（在较小程度上冬季）季节产生有效的Rx烧伤类似于秋季，因为更大的英亩被消耗较少的烧伤。此外，冬季和春季在比其他季节更大的区域上经历燃烧窗口机会（70-90%的时间），并且这主要是在北方加州的森林地区。我们的研究结果还表明，烧伤窗口在冬季和春季减少的速度，每年一天的空间面积比夏季和秋季。这一下降主要是由于达到相对湿度阈值的天数发生了变化。决策者认识到Rx烧伤对众多生态系统恢复因素、火灾行为动力学和消防员安全的至关重要性。因此，有必要在这些机会在未来变得不太可行之前利用这些额外的燃烧窗口。
Prescribed (Rx) burns are conducted on days when the meteorological thresholds of maximum air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speeds are all met (burn window) in order to ensure safe Rx burn practices. Limited burn windows have been consistently identified as one of the most important constraints for conducting Rx burns in California. We investigate whether burn windows across California can be extended from the typical fall season to include other opportune seasons for facilitating specific management objectives. We quantify the seasonal Rx burn efficiencies by assessing the frequency and burned areas using an aggregate of Rx datasets, and we compute the seasonal spatiotemporal trends in the number of days the set of meteorological parameters are met over thirty-five years (1984 to 2019), using the gridMET 4 km dataset. Our results indicate that while fall burns are most frequently executed (40% of the time), the spring (and to a lesser extent winter) seasons yield efficient Rx burns similar to fall because greater acres are being consumed with less burns. In addition, winter and spring seasons experience burn window opportunities (70–90% of the time) over larger areas than the other seasons, and this is predominantly over forested regions in Northern California. Our results also indicate that burn windows in the winter and spring are decreasing at a rate of one day per year over a larger spatial area than that of summer and fall. This decrease is primarily driven by changes in the number of days the relative humidity thresholds are met. Policymakers recognize the critical importance that Rx burns have on a multitude of ecosystem restoration factors, fire behavior dynamics, and firefighter safety. Therefore, there is a need to capitalize on these additional burn windows before these opportunities become less feasible in the future.