A sterol-mediated gleaner–opportunist trade-off underlies the evolution of grazer resistance to cyanobacteria

A sterol-mediated gleaner–opportunist trade-off underlies the evolution of grazer resistance to cyanobacteria
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甾醇介导的拾取者与机会主义权衡是食草动物对蓝藻抗性进化的基础

DOI:
10.1098/rspb.2022.0178
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
Proceedings of the Royal Society B
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
D. Martin-Creuzburg
D. Martin-Creuzburg
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Isanta-Navarro;T. Klauschies;A. Wacker ;D. Martin-Creuzburg

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人为造成的蓝藻繁殖严重影响淡水生态系统的消费者。毒性通常被挑出来作为消费者可以适应的唯一特征,即使蓝藻不一定有毒,并且已知蓝藻中缺乏营养关键甾醇会损害消费者。我们研究了毒性和膳食甾醇缺乏的相对重要性,在驱动进化的食草动物的耐蓝藻在一个大的湖泊,富营养化和贫营养化的历史记录。从沉积物中复活数十年的Daphniagenotypes使我们能够表明,草食动物对蓝藻的抗性的进化和随后的丧失涉及对毒性和膳食固醇可用性变化的适应。适应ofDaphniato蓝藻丰度的变化揭示了甾醇介导的拾荒者机会主义的权衡。从高峰期富营养化时期的基因型表现出较高的亲和力,以较低的最大增长率为代价的膳食固醇,而从更贫营养时期的基因型表现出较低的亲和力,有利于更高的最大增长率的膳食固醇。我们的数据证实了甾醇作为水生食物网中限制营养物质的重要性,并强调了拾荒者-机会主义者权衡重建生态进化过程的适用性。
The human-caused proliferation of cyanobacteria severely impacts consumers in freshwater ecosystems. Toxicity is often singled out as the sole trait to which consumers can adapt, even though cyanobacteria are not necessarily toxic and the lack of nutritionally critical sterols in cyanobacteria is known to impair consumers. We studied the relative significance of toxicity and dietary sterol deficiency in driving the evolution of grazer resistance to cyanobacteria in a large lake with a well-documented history of eutrophication and oligotrophication. Resurrecting decades-oldDaphniagenotypes from the sediment allowed us to show that the evolution and subsequent loss of grazer resistance to cyanobacteria involved an adaptation to changes in both toxicity and dietary sterol availability. The adaptation ofDaphniato changes in cyanobacteria abundance revealed a sterol-mediated gleaner–opportunist trade-off. Genotypes from peak-eutrophic periods showed a higher affinity for dietary sterols at the cost of a lower maximum growth rate, whereas genotypes from more oligotrophic periods showed a lower affinity for dietary sterols in favour of a higher maximum growth rate. Our data corroborate the significance of sterols as limiting nutrients in aquatic food webs and highlight the applicability of the gleaner–opportunist trade-off for reconstructing eco-evolutionary processes.
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