Sequential activation of axial muscles during different forms of rhythmic behavior in man
Sequential activation of axial muscles during different forms of rhythmic behavior in man
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DOI：
10.1007/s00221-007-1146-2
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Cazalets, Jean-Rene
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Seze, Mathieu;Falgairolle, Melanie;Cazalets, Jean-Rene
在人类中，背部肌肉活动的研究主要涉及姿势调整或节律活动（包括运动任务）期间腰部肌肉的功能。本研究探讨了如何背部肌肉激活沿着脊柱在节律性活动，以获得洞察脊髓神经元的组织。在不同的躯干水平进行背部肌肉的肌电图记录，并分析突发幅度和相位关系发生的变化。受试者进行几种有节奏的行为：向前行走（FW），向后行走（BW），慢步行走（其中受试者移动他们的手臂与同侧腿同相），手和膝盖行走（HK）和手行走，膝盖在跑步机的边缘（手）。在最后一项任务中，受试者站着，并被要求摆动手臂，就像他们在走路一样。研究发现，在各种类型的运动或其他有节奏的运动任务期间，轴向躯干肌肉被沿着脊髓沿着运行的运动命令（我们称之为“运动波”）顺序激活。在这些条件下记录的爆发模式可以分为三类：（1）下行中的双爆发节律活动（即，在FW、BW和HK条件下具有喙尾传播）运动波;（2）具有静止运动波的双爆发节律活动（即，在“漫步”行走状态期间沿着躯干以单相发生）;（3）具有上升的双相节律活动（即，尾-喙传播）运动波。我们的研究结果表明，网络负责轴向传播的运动活动在运动过程中可能对应于在无脊椎动物或较低的脊椎动物中观察到的，因此可能已经部分遗传保守。这样的组织可以通过确保运动期间的流畅运动来支持姿势的动态控制。
In humans, studies of back muscle activity have mainly addressed the functioning of lumbar muscles during postural adjustments or rhythmic activity, including locomotor tasks. The present study investigated how back muscles are activated along the spine during rhythmical activities in order to gain insights into spinal neuronal organization. Electromyographic recordings of back muscles were performed at various trunk levels, and changes occurring in burst amplitudes and phase relationships were analyzed. Subjects performed several rhythmic behaviors: forward walking (FW), backward walking (BW), amble walking (where the subjects moved their arms in phase with the ipsilateral leg), walking on hands and knees (HK) and walking on hands with the knees on the edge of a treadmill (Hand). In a final task, the subjects were standing and were asked to swing (Swing) only their arms as if they were walking. It was found that axial trunk muscles are sequentially activated by a motor command running along the spinal cord (which we term "motor waves") during various types of locomotion or other rhythmic motor tasks. The bursting pattern recorded under these conditions can be classified into three categories: (1) double-burst rhythmic activity in a descending (i.e., with a rostro-caudal propagation) motor wave during FW, BW and HK conditions; (2) double-burst rhythmic activity with a stationary motor wave (i.e., occurring in a single phase along the trunk) during the 'amble' walk condition; (3) monophasic rhythmic activity with an ascending (i.e., with a caudo-rostral propagation) motor wave during the Swing and Hands conditions. Our results suggest that the networks responsible for the axial propagation of motor activity during locomotion may correspond to those observed in invertebrates or lower vertebrates, and thus may have been partly phylogenetically conserved. Such an organization could support the dynamic control of posture by ensuring fluent movement during locomotion.