Changes in gut microbial populations, intestinal morphology, expression of tight junction proteins, and cytokine production between two pig breeds after challenge with Escherichia coli K88: A comparative study
Changes in gut microbial populations, intestinal morphology, expression of tight junction proteins, and cytokine production between two pig breeds after challenge with Escherichia coli K88: A comparative study
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DOI：
10.2527/jas.2013-6528
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Wang, Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gao, Y.;Han, F.;Wang, Y.
本研究假设，在2个不同的猪品种，即中国本地金华猪和欧洲长白猪，经口攻击肠致病性大肠杆菌（ETEC）K88后，肠道微生物种群，肠道形态和细胞因子的产生差异改变。共12头金华猪和12头长白猪被分配到非攻击组和攻击组（每组6头猪）。攻毒猪经口给予ETEC K88，未攻毒猪给予无菌Luria-Bertani肉汤。本研究测定了金华猪和长白猪肠道微生物数量、肠道形态、紧密连接蛋白mRNA表达、回肠细胞因子和分泌型免疫球蛋白A（sIgA）水平。结果表明，金华猪腹泻发病率显著低于长白猪（P < 0.05）。大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli，E.大肠杆菌（E. coli）的数量和比例。金华猪和长白猪ETEC K88攻毒后，大肠杆菌的数量均增加。受攻击的长白猪排出更多的E。大肠埃希菌（P < 0.05），大肠埃希菌（E.大肠杆菌在大肠菌群中的比例显著高于金华市对照组（P < 0.05）。两个猪种在攻毒后的所有肠段中均倾向于表现出更大的绒毛萎缩和隐窝深度减少。在两个猪品种中，ETEC K88攻击后紧密连接蛋白的表达均降低。在两个品种中，促炎细胞因子干扰素（IFN）-γ、肿瘤坏死因子-α和IL-6的水平以及sIgA的分泌均发生了积极变化，而抗炎细胞因子IL-4和转化生长因子（TGF）-β的水平则因ETEC K88攻毒而发生了消极变化。金华猪IFN-γ和TGF-β水平显著高于攻毒组（P < 0.05）。结果表明，金华猪的生长性能优于长白猪，腹泻发生率较低，对ETEC K88攻击的免疫反应较弱，乳酸菌数量较多，乳酸菌占总菌数的比例较高，乳酸菌与大肠杆菌的比例较高。大肠杆菌，和更高水平的紧密连接蛋白的挑战和没有挑战。
This study hypothesized that the gut microbial populations, intestinal morphology, and cytokine production are differentially altered in 2 different pig breeds, namely, Chinese native Jinhua pigs and European Landrace pigs, after orally challenge with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88. A total of 12 Jinhua pigs and 12 Landrace pigs were allocated to either the nonchallenged or the challenged groups (6 pigs per group). The challenged pigs were orally administered ETEC K88, and their nonchallenged counterparts were given sterile Luria-Bertani broth. Selected gut microbial populations, intestinal morphology, mRNA expression of tight junction proteins, and the levels of ileal cytokines and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) production were measured in Jinhua and Landrace pigs. The results showed that the challenged Jinhua pigs exhibited a significantly (P < 0.05) lower incidence of diarrhea compared with their Landrace counterparts. The Escherichia coli (E. coli) population and the percentage of E. coli in the total bacteria population were increased in response to ETEC K88 challenge in both Jinhua and Landrace pigs. The challenged Landrace pigs shed more E. coli (P < 0.05) and had higher percentage of E. coli in the total bacteria population in the colon (P < 0.05) compared with their Jinhua counterparts. Both pig breeds tended to exhibit greater villous atrophy and crypt depth reduction in all of the intestinal segments with challenge. The expression of tight junction proteins decreased in response to ETEC K88 challenge in both pig breeds. The levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and IL-6 and the secretion of sIgA were positively altered whereas the levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta were negatively altered by ETEC K88 challenge in both breeds. Jinhua pigs exhibited significantly higher levels of IFN-gamma and TGF-beta (P < 0.05) in the challenged group. Our findings provide valuable evidence to explain the differences in the intestinal physiology between Jinhua and Landrace pigs; that is, Jinhua pigs appeared to show better growth performance, a lower incidence of diarrhea, and a lower extent of immune activation in response to ETEC K88 challenge and a higher Lactobacillus population, a higher percentage of Lactobacillus in the total bacteria population, a higher ratio of Lactobacillus to E. coli, and higher levels of tight junction proteins with and without challenge.