Particle measurement programme (PMP) light-duty inter-laboratory exercise: Repeatability and reproducibility of the particle number method
Particle measurement programme (PMP) light-duty inter-laboratory exercise: Repeatability and reproducibility of the particle number method
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DOI：
10.1080/02786820802220241
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Andersson, Jon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Giechaskiel, Barouch;Dilara, Panagiota;Andersson, Jon
一辆配备柴油微粒过滤器(DPF)的欧4轻型柴油车被分发给9个实验室，在那里重复进行当前监管的新欧洲驾驶循环(NEDC)。还进行了调节气体和改进的(旋风除尘器，过滤器温度47+/-5℃，恒定的过滤器表面速度，所有实验室的高精度天平)颗粒物质量(PM)的测量。测量非挥发性颗粒物的参考颗粒数(Pn)测量系统与测试车一起运行。实验室还测试了他们自己的PN系统，以符合参考系统的性能规范。车辆的平均净光排放水平低于1×10(11)颗粒物/公里。实验室内变异(重复性)类似于40%，实验室间变异类似于25%。研究表明，新的PN方法与一氧化碳和碳氢化合物等其他气体污染物具有相似的变异性，并且优于PM(实验室内变异性类似于55%，实验室间变异性类似于35%)。即使使用改进的PM方法，车辆的排放也与本底水平相似(类似于0.4 mg/公里)，而且该方法存在挥发性伪影。PN法比PM法具有更高的灵敏度，因为它可以区分车辆的DPF填充状态或不同的预适应状态。然而，参考系统估计的车辆的PN排放水平平均比任何给定的实验室自己的系统高出15%，这表明为性能标准化而设计的程序和校准应该得到准确的定义和遵循。
A Euro 4 Light-Duty Diesel vehicle equipped with a diesel particulate filter (DPF) was circulated to 9 labs where repetitions of the current regulatory New European Drive Cycle (NEDC) were conducted. Regulated gaseous and improved (with cyclone, filter temperature 47 +/- 5 degrees C, constant filter face velocity, high precision balance at all labs) particulate mass (PM) measurements were also conducted. A reference particle number (PN) measurement system measuring non-volatile particles was circulated along with the test vehicle. Labs also tested their own PN systems built to comply with the reference system's performance specifications. The mean PN emissions level of the vehicle was below 1 x 10(11) particles/km. The intra-lab variability (repeatability) was similar to 40% and the inter-lab variation was similar to 25%. The study showed that the new PN method had similar variability to other gaseous pollutants such as carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons and better than the PM (intra-lab variability similar to 55% and inter-lab similar to 35%). Even with the improved PM method the emissions of the vehicle were similar to the background level (similar to 0.4 mg/km) and the method was subject to volatile artifact. The PN method showed greater sensitivity than the PM method as it could distinguish the DPF fill state or different preconditioning states of the vehicle. However, the PN emission level of the vehicle estimated by the reference system were on average 15% higher than any given lab's own system, indicating that the procedures and calibration designed for the standardization of performance should be precisely defined and followed.