A study of the use of past experiences in clinical decision making in emergency situations
A study of the use of past experiences in clinical decision making in emergency situations
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DOI：
10.1016/s0020-7489(00)00096-1
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发表时间：
2001-10-01
影响因子：
8.1
通讯作者：
Cioffi, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cioffi, J
对病人进行紧急救援是护理实践中的一个重要方面。大多数情况下，这些决策情况是不确定的，预计护士依赖于过去的临床经验。这项研究得到了一所大学和一个地区卫生服务机构的伦理委员会的批准，旨在描述护士对过去经验的依赖，并确定相关的判断策略(启发式)。访问了32名具有五年或五年以上工作经验的注册护士。主要研究结果是：护士确实使用了他们过去的经验，这些经验以三个经典启发式的形式使用：代表性、可用性和锚定和调整。可以得出的结论是，过去的经验是决策的内在因素，这对护理教育计划的临床组成部分和管理者做出的人员配置都有影响。然而，一些护士在他们的决策描述中没有包括参考过去的经验，这可能是研究设计的一个限制。(C)2001爱思唯尔科学有限公司。保留所有权利。
Making decisions to call emergency assistance to patients is an important dimension of nursing practice. Most usually these decision making situations are uncertain and it is expected nurses rely on past clinical experiences. This study, approved by the ethics committees of both a university and an area health service, aimed to describe nurses' reliance on past experiences and identify associated judgement strategies (heuristics). Thirty-two registered nurses with five or more years experience were interviewed. Main findings were: nurses did use their past experiences and these experiences were used in the form of the three 'classic' heuristics, representativeness, availability and anchoring and adjustment. It can be concluded past experiences are intrinsic to decision making and this has implications for both the clinical components of nursing educational programs and staffing allocations made by administrators. Some nurses, however, did not include referral to past experiences in their decision-making accounts which may be a limitation of the study design. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.