Impaired conditional reasoning in alcoholics: a negative impact on social interactions and risky behaviors?
Impaired conditional reasoning in alcoholics: a negative impact on social interactions and risky behaviors?
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酗酒者的条件推理受损：对社交互动和危险行为的负面影响？
DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03346.x
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ermer,Elsa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kornreich,Charles;Delle-Vigne,Dyna;Knittel,Julian;Nerincx,Aurore;Campanella,Salvatore;Noel,Xavier;Hanak,Catherine;Verbanck,Paul;Ermer,Elsa
目的通过调查社会契约推理、心理理论和情商来研究酗酒者的“社会大脑”。设计一项行为研究，将最近解毒的酗酒者与正常健康对照者进行比较。研究表明，酗酒者的情绪智力和对情绪非语言线索的解码能力受损。这项研究探讨了这些缺陷是否延伸到社会契约的条件推理。25名最近解毒的酗酒者（17名男性和8名女性）与25名正常对照（17名男性和8名女性）进行了性别、年龄和教育水平匹配的比较。测量方法：在三种不同的规则类型（社会契约、预防性和描述性）上调查条件推理的swason选择任务，修订的“眼睛读心术”测试，特质情商问卷（修改版）和额外的控制措施。研究发现：酗酒者的条件推理能力受损。在描述性规则上的表现并非偶然。在社会契约和预防规则方面，推理表现明显更好，但这一表现仍明显低于对照组。与对照组相比，酗酒者的几项情商指标都较低，但这些指标与推理能力无关。结论酗酒者的条件推理能力，包括社会契约推理能力和情绪智力都受到损害。对描述性规则的损害似乎特别严重。社会契约推理的缺陷可能导致社会交往中的误解和挫折，对预防规则的推理困难可能导致这一人群的危险行为。
AimsTo study the ‘social brain’ in alcoholics by investigating social contract reasoning, theory of mind and emotional intelligence.DesignA behavioral study comparing recently detoxified alcoholics with normal, healthy controls.SettingEmotional intelligence and decoding of emotional non‐verbal cues have been shown to be impaired in alcoholics. This study explores whether these deficits extend to conditional reasoning about social contracts.ParticipantsTwenty‐five recently detoxified alcoholics (17 men and eight women) were compared with 25 normal controls (17 men and eight women) matched for sex, age and education level.MeasurementsWason selection task investigating conditional reasoning on three different rule types (social contract, precautionary and descriptive), revised Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (modified version) and additional control measures.FindingsConditional reasoning was impaired in alcoholics. Performance on descriptive rules was not above chance. Reasoning performance was markedly better on social contract and precautionary rules, but this performance was still significantly lower than in controls. Several emotional intelligence measures were lower in alcoholics compared to controls, but these were not correlated with reasoning performance.ConclusionsConditional reasoning, including reasoning about social contracts and emotional intelligence appear to be impaired in alcoholics. Impairment seems to be particularly severe on descriptive rules. Impairment in social contract reasoning might lead to misunderstandings and frustration in social interactions, and reasoning difficulties about precautionary rules might contribute to risky behaviors in this population.