Facilitating ecological enhancement of coastal infrastructure: The role of policy, people and planning
Facilitating ecological enhancement of coastal infrastructure: The role of policy, people and planning
复制标题
促进沿海基础设施的生态增强：政策、人员和规划的作用
DOI：
10.1016/j.envsci.2012.05.002
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Richard C. Thompson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Naylor;M. Coombes;Orlando Venn;S. Roast;Richard C. Thompson
城市化被认为是沿海生物多样性的主要压力。与未来气候变化相关的洪水和侵蚀风险日益增加，这表明必须继续在具有高社会和经济价值的地区建造新的硬基础设施，并对现有结构进行升级。生态改善包括在设计阶段进行管理干预，以改善这些结构的生态潜力，或改善现有结构的生态价值。虽然对生态增强方法和设计的科学研究正在增长，但关于在沿海基础设施项目中成功实施生态增强的非科学驱动因素和机制的讨论有限。本文从三个角度探讨了海岸带硬结构生态强化的科学-政策-实践界面。首先，我们概述了越来越多的欧洲和英国的政策和立法文书，这些政策和立法文书增加了在沿海开发中考虑生态增强的必要性。这是促进增强项目发生的一种工具，构成了对该领域研究和应用的重要“政策推动”。其次，我们研究了人在影响生态增强吸收方面的作用。讨论了“知识经纪人”的关键作用，以及在一系列团体和个人之间进行有效和持续合作的必要性，以使研究批准的可操作试验开始。第三，我们考察了在典型的规划、设计和建造过程中，当前增强项目被嵌入的地方，以说明如何将科学应用于实践。
Urbanisation is recognised as a major pressure on coastal biodiversity. Increasing risks of flooding and erosion associated with future climate change indicate that new hard infrastructure will have to continue to be built – and existing structures upgraded – in areas of high social and economic value. Ecological enhancement involves undertaking management interventions at the design stage to improve the ecological potential of these structures, or to improve the ecological value of existing structures. Whilst scientific research into ecological enhancement methods and designs is growing, there has been limited discussion of the non-science drivers and mechanisms by which ecological enhancements can be successfully implemented in coastal infrastructure projects. We explore the science–policy–practice interfaces of the ecological enhancement of hard coastal structures from three perspectives. First, we outline the growing number of European and UK policies and legislative instruments that are increasing the need to consider ecological enhancement in coastal developments. These serve as a facilitative tool for making enhancement projects happen, constituting a significant ‘policy push’ for research and application in this area. Second, we examine the role of people in influencing the uptake of ecological enhancements. The critical role of ‘knowledge brokers’ and the need for effective and sustained collaboration between a range of groups and individuals to get research approved operational trials off the ground is discussed. Third, we examine where in the typical planning, design and build process current enhancement projects have been embedded, serving to illustrate how the science can be used in practice.