Origin and fate of atmospheric moisture over continents
Origin and fate of atmospheric moisture over continents
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DOI：
10.1029/2010wr009127
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发表时间：
2010-09
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
R. van der Ent;H. Savenije;B. Schaefli;S. Steele‐Dunne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. van der Ent;H. Savenije;B. Schaefli;S. Steele‐Dunne
关于降水在多大程度上依赖于陆地蒸发（水分再循环）一直存在长期争论。过去的研究大多集中在一定区域内的水分循环。本研究利用水分循环的新定义来研究大陆水分反馈的完整过程。全球地图显示了严重依赖循环水分的地区以及提供水分的地区。基于ERA - Interim再分析数据的会计程序用于计算水分再循环比率。据计算，平均40%的陆地降水来自陆地蒸发，57%的陆地蒸发返回为陆地降水。中国80%的水资源来自欧亚大陆蒸发的水分。在南美洲，Río de la Plata盆地70%的水资源依赖于亚马逊森林的蒸发。刚果盆地降雨的主要来源是东非，特别是大湖地区蒸发的水分。刚果盆地反过来又是萨赫勒地区降雨的主要湿气来源。总体而言，本文论证了全球风型、地形和土地覆盖在大陆水分循环模式和全球水资源分布中的重要作用。
There has been a long debate on the extent to which precipitation relies on terrestrial evaporation (moisture recycling). In the past, most research focused on moisture recycling within a certain region only. This study makes use of new definitions of moisture recycling to study the complete process of continental moisture feedback. Global maps are presented identifying regions that rely heavily on recycled moisture as well as those that are supplying the moisture. An accounting procedure based on ERA‐Interim reanalysis data is used to calculate moisture recycling ratios. It is computed that, on average, 40% of the terrestrial precipitation originates from land evaporation and that 57% of all terrestrial evaporation returns as precipitation over land. Moisture evaporating from the Eurasian continent is responsible for 80% of China's water resources. In South America, the Río de la Plata basin depends on evaporation from the Amazon forest for 70% of its water resources. The main source of rainfall in the Congo basin is moisture evaporated over East Africa, particularly the Great Lakes region. The Congo basin in its turn is a major source of moisture for rainfall in the Sahel. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that due to the local orography, local moisture recycling is a key process near the Andes and the Tibetan Plateau. Overall, this paper demonstrates the important role of global wind patterns, topography and land cover in continental moisture recycling patterns and the distribution of global water resources.