Epidemiology of General, Central Obesity and Associated Cardio-Metabolic Risks Among University Employees, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Epidemiology of General, Central Obesity and Associated Cardio-Metabolic Risks Among University Employees, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study
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DOI：
10.2147/dmso.s235981
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Demissie, Solomon Fasika
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Janakiraman, Balamurugan;Abebe, Solomon Mekonnen;Demissie, Solomon Fasika
背景：有证据表明，埃塞俄比亚等中低收入国家正面临日益流行的传染性和非传染性疾病，给其经济和医疗保健系统造成负担。非传染性疾病患病率的增加归因于久坐、生活方式的改变、营养转变以及其他心脏代谢危险因素的存在。因此，本研究旨在评估超重、肥胖和心脏代谢风险的患病率和相关性，并探讨埃塞俄比亚贡德尔大学学术人员的人体测量结果是否一致。 方法：采用 WHO 逐步方法和建议对该大学 381 名学术人员进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。此外，还使用标准化工具测量了体重、身高、腰围和臀围等身体测量值，以及血压和空腹血糖水平（通过手指穿刺采集外周血样本）等生化测量值。 结果：参与者的平均年龄为 33.5 岁（95% CI：32.7，34.2）岁。根据体重指数、腰围（WC）、腰高比（WHtR）和腰臀比（WHR）计算，研究参与者的肥胖患病率分别为13.1%、33.6%、51.9%和58.5%。糖尿病患病率为4.7%，其中1.3%在本研究之前未被诊断。研究样本中约有 53 名 (13.9%) 被发现患有高血压 (HTN)（已知 6.3% 相对于新诊断的 29 名 7.6%）。在参与者中，分别有39.4%和23.4%的人患有高血压前期和糖尿病前期。 WC 与高血压 (AOR = 5.14; 2.503, 9.72)、preDM (AOR = 4.03; 2.974, 5.96)、DM (AOR = 3.29; 1.099, 6.01) 显着相关。此外，WHtR 与 Pre-HTN (AOR = 2.69; 1.49, 4.58)、HTN (AOR = 2.066; 1.008, 6.31) 和 DM (AOR = 1.855; 0.76, 4.32) 显着相关。相反，腰臀比和通过 BMI 测量的一般性肥胖与 HTN 前、HTN、DM 前和 DM 组均无显着相关性。参与者中的 WC、WHtR 和 WHR。这项研究的结果表明，必须使用中心性肥胖的概念，而不是体重指数来筛查埃塞俄比亚人的心脏代谢风险。
Background: Evidence suggests that middle and low-income countries such as Ethiopia are facing the growing epidemic of both communicable and non-communicable diseases creating a burden on their economy and healthcare system. The increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases is attributed to sedentarism, lifestyle changes, nutritional transition, and the presence of other cardiometabolic risk factors. Therefore this study was designed to assess the prevalence and association of overweight, obesity, and cardio-metabolic risks and to explore if there was any agreement among the anthropometric measurements among the academic employees of the University of Gondar, Ethiopia.Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted using the WHO stepwise approach and recommendations on 381 academic staff of the university. In addition, physical measurements such as weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, and biochemical measures such as blood pressure and fasting blood glucose level (peripheral blood samples by finger puncture) were measured using standardized tools.Results: The mean age of the participants was 33.5 (95% CI: 32.7, 34.2) years. The prevalence of obesity among the study participants calculated by body mass index, waist circumference (WC), waist-height ratio (WHtR), and waist-hip ratio (WHR) was 13.1%, 33.6%, 51.9%, and 58.5% respectively. The prevalence of diabetes was 4.7% among which 1.3% was not diagnosed prior to this study. About 53 (13.9%) of the study sample were found to be hypertensive (HTN) (6.3% known versus 29 7.6% newly diagnosed). Among the participants, 39.4% and 23.4% were found to be pre-hypertensive and pre-diabetic respectively. WC was significantly associated with hypertension (AOR = 5.14; 2.503, 9.72), preDM (AOR = 4.03; 2.974, 5.96), DM (AOR = 3.29; 1.099, 6.01). In addition, WHtR was significantly associated with Pre-HTN (AOR = 2.69; 1.49, 4.58), HTN (AOR = 2.066; 1.008, 6.31), and DM (AOR = 1.855; 0.76, 4.32). On the contrary, both WHR and general obesity measured by BMI were not significantly associated with pre-HTN, HTN, pre-DM and DM groups.Conclusion: This study results revealed the variable prevalence between general obesity and the anthropometric indices (IDF cutoff) defining central obesity; WC, WHtR, and WHR among the participants. The result of this study suggests that the constructs of central obesity, not BMI has to be used to screen risks of cardio-metabolic risks among Ethiopians.