Effect of predation-risk and foraging opportunities on substrate choice and strength of brightness preference in Schizothorax wangchiachii and Percocypris pingi juveniles
Effect of predation-risk and foraging opportunities on substrate choice and strength of brightness preference in Schizothorax wangchiachii and Percocypris pingi juveniles
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捕食风险和觅食机会对裂腹鱼和鲈鱼幼鱼基质选择和亮度偏好强度的影响
DOI：
10.1111/are.15655
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Zhaobin Song
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baowen Zhang;Hui Wu;Maohua Li;Weixiong Gan;Tiancai Li;Kun Yang;Zhaobin Song
鱼的底物偏好可能在很大程度上受遗传学的影响。然而，捕食者经历训练（孵化场饲养的鱼类在圈养时暴露于其天敌）或同种、猎物或捕食者的存在是否会影响这种偏好？我们确定了捕食风险和觅食机会对Schizothorax wangchiachii和Percocypris pingi在同种捕食者或猎物存在时的底物选择的影响。我们发现，无论猎物/捕食者的存在或以前的训练，SothS. wangchiachiiiandP. pingijuvenile喜欢大砾石衬底。当有捕食者存在时，野生和捕食者训练的孵化场饲养的王家溪幼鱼选择白色基质而不是黑色基质，因为它离捕食者（大口鲶）最远，而捕食者幼稚个体更喜欢黑色基质。这表明捕食应激训练可以提高孵化场饲养的S. wangchiachiiijuveniles识别和避免捕食者的能力。野生和孵化场饲养的P. pingijuvenile继续选择黑色基质，即使它远离潜在的猎物（S.wangchiachii）。野生P. pingijuvenile在黑色基质上花费的时间显着低于孵化场饲养的幼鱼。这可能是野生P. pingijuvenile识别猎物的能力导致他们更频繁地向猎物移动。本研究的发现可能会导致孵化场饲养的S. wangchiachiiiandP. pingijuvenile更好的捕食者/猎物识别训练，可能会提高它们在野外的存活率。
Fish substrate preference may be largely influenced by genetics. However, does predator‐experience training (hatchery‐reared fish exposed to their natural predators while in captivity) or the presence of conspecifics, prey or predator affect this preference? We determined the effect of predation‐risk and foraging opportunities on substrate choice ofSchizothorax wangchiachiiandPercocypris pingiwhen in the presence of a conspecific, predator or prey. We found that bothS.wangchiachiiandP.pingijuveniles preferred the large gravel substrate, regardless of prey/predator presence or previous training. When in the presence of a predator, wild and predator‐trained hatchery‐rearedS.wangchiachiijuveniles chose the white substrate over the black substrate as it was the furthest away from the predator (Silurus meridionalis), whereas the predator‐naïve individuals preferred the black substrate. This suggests that predation stress training could improve the ability to recognize and avoid predators in hatchery‐rearedS.wangchiachiijuveniles. Wild and hatchery‐rearedP.pingijuveniles continued to choose the black substrate even though it was distant from the potential prey (S.wangchiachii). The time spent by wildP.pingijuveniles over black substrate was significantly lower than hatchery‐reared juveniles. It is possible that the wildP.pingijuveniles' ability to recognize prey resulted in their more frequent movement towards the prey. The findings in the present study may lead to better predator/prey‐recognition training of hatchery‐rearedS.wangchiachiiandP.pingijuveniles, potentially increasing their survival rate when released to the wild.