What Was the Viking Age and When did it Happen? A View from Orkney
What Was the Viking Age and When did it Happen? A View from Orkney
复制标题
维京时代是什么？它发生在什么时候？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jacqui Huntley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Barrett;R. Beukens;I. Simpson;P. Ashmore;Sandra Poaps;Jacqui Huntley
维京海盗时代是欧洲历史上的一个重要分水岭，其特征是权力的集中、基督教思想的采纳、市场贸易的增长、生产的集约化和城市化的发展。这些现象共同标志着斯堪的纳维亚国家形成的开始。然而，每一个发生的日期-以及不同的国家属性在“核心”和“边缘”中采用的不平等比率-仍然需要充分探索和解释。这些问题可以用世界体系理论来解释，也可以通过研究斯堪的纳维亚边缘地区--苏格兰北方的奥克尼和凯斯内斯的挪威伯爵领地--接受维京海盗时代的关键要素的日期来聚焦。本研究不仅质疑为什么外围会发生变化，而且还质疑为什么它们不会发生变化，或者比邻近的核心变化得更慢。
The Viking Age was an important watershed in European history, characterized by the centralization of authority, the adoption of Christian ideology, the growth of market trade, the intensification of production and the development of urbanism. Together, these phenomena mark the beginning of Scandinavian state formation. However, the dates at which each occurred - and the unequal rates at which different state attributes were adopted in 'cores' and 'peripheries' - remain to be fully explored and explained. These issues can be illuminated by world-systems theory and brought into focus by studying the date at which key aspects of the Viking Age were adopted in a Scandinavian periphery - the Norse Earldom of Orkney and Caithness, northern Scotland. The present study questions not only why peripheries change, but why they do not change, or change more slowly than neighbouring cores.