Extracellular Vesicles in Blood: Sources, Effects, and Applications.

Extracellular Vesicles in Blood: Sources, Effects, and Applications.
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血液中的细胞外囊泡:来源、作用和应用。

DOI:
10.3390/ijms22158163
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发表时间:
2021-07-29
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Otaegui D
Otaegui D
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Alberro A;Iparraguirre L;Fernandes A;Otaegui D

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细胞外囊泡(EV)是细胞间通讯的重要参与者。几乎所有类型的细胞都能分泌EV;它们可以在附近或远处的细胞之间传递信息,并且它们在体液中非常丰富。在这篇综述中,我们描述了电动汽车的一般特点,以及隔离和表征方法。然后,我们关注电动汽车最相关的来源之一:血液。事实上,除了血细胞分泌的EV外,不同来源的EV在血液中传播。我们介绍了在流通中发现的多种类型的电动汽车。此外,血液来源的EV在生理和病理过程中的意义进行了总结,突出了其作为生物标志物的诊断,治疗监测和预后的几种疾病,也作为生理变化的指标的潜力。最后,对电动汽车在循环系统中的应用进行了讨论。我们描述了来自不同来源的EV的使用,天然产生的或工程化的,自体的,同种异体的,甚至来自不同物种的EV,以及它们在引入循环时的作用。因此,目前的工作提供了一个全面的概述的组成部分,影响和应用的电动汽车在血液中。
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are important players for intercellular communication. EVs are secreted by almost all cell types; they can transfer information between nearby or distant cells, and they are highly abundant in body fluids. In this review, we describe the general characteristics of EVs, as well as isolation and characterization approaches. Then, we focus on one of the most relevant sources of EVs: the blood. Indeed, apart from EVs secreted by blood cells, EVs of diverse origins travel in the bloodstream. We present the numerous types of EVs that have been found in circulation. Besides, the implications of blood-derived EVs in both physiological and pathological processes are summarized, highlighting their potential as biomarkers for the diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and prognosis of several diseases, and also as indicators of physiological modifications. Finally, the applications of EVs introduced in the circulatory system are discussed. We describe the use of EVs from distinct origins, naturally produced or engineered, autologous, allogeneic, or even from different species and the effects they have when introduced in circulation. Therefore, the present work provides a comprehensive overview of the components, effects, and applications of EVs in blood.
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