Substituting dietary saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat changes abdominal fat distribution and improves insulin sensitivity
Substituting dietary saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat changes abdominal fat distribution and improves insulin sensitivity
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DOI：
10.1007/s00125-001-0768-3
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发表时间：
2002-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Frayn, KN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Summers, LKM;Fielding, BA;Frayn, KN
目的/假设。英国的饮食建议是将总脂肪摄入量减少到每日能量摄入量的30%以下，饱和脂肪减少到10%以下。在实践中，人们很难做出这些改变。鼓励人们从富含饱和脂肪酸的饮食转向富含多不饱和脂肪酸的饮食可能更容易。方法。共有17名受试者-6名II型（非胰岛素依赖型）糖尿病患者，6名非肥胖者和5名非糖尿病肥胖者-被随机分为两组，每组5周，采用交叉设计，饮食富含饱和或多不饱和脂肪酸。在研究开始时和每个饮食阶段后，我们使用磁共振成像评估腹部脂肪分布，使用高胰岛素-正常血钳夹和空腹血脂参数评估胰岛素敏感性。通过每周3天的饮食记录和生化标志物的测量来评估饮食依从性，结果良好。能量和脂肪的摄入量似乎减少了饮食中富含多不饱和脂肪酸，但体重没有变化。与富含饱和脂肪酸的饮食相比，富含多不饱和脂肪酸的饮食改善了胰岛素敏感性和血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度。腹部皮下脂肪面积也减少。结论/解释。如果这一结果在长期研究中得到证实，这种饮食控制将比目前的建议更容易被普通人群实现，并可能导致胰岛素敏感性的显著改善，降低患II型糖尿病的风险。
Aims/hypothesis. British dietary recommendations are to decrease total fat intake to less than 30% of daily energy intake and saturated fat to less than 10%. In practice, it is difficult for people to make these changes. It may be easier to encourage people to switch from a diet rich in saturated fatty acids to one rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids.Methods. A total of 17 subjects-six people with Type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, six nonobese and five obese people without diabetes - were randomised to spend two 5-week periods on a diet rich in saturated or in polyunsaturated fatty acids, in a crossover design. At the start of the study and after each dietary period, we assessed abdominal fat distribution using magnetic resonance imaging, insulin sensitivity using hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamps and fasting lipid parameters.Results. Dietary compliance, assessed by weekly 3-day dietary records and measurement of biochemical markers, was good. Energy and fat intake appeared to be reduced on the diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids although body weights did not change. Insulin sensitivity and plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations improved with the diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids compared with the diet rich in saturated fatty acids. There was also a decrease in abdominal subcutaneous fat area.Conclusion/interpretation. If this result is confirmed in longer-term studies, this dietary manipulation would be more readily achieved by the general population than the current recommendations and could result in considerable improvement in insulin sensitivity, reducing the risk of developing Type II diabetes.